a) \(\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{4}{12}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{12}\cdot3=\dfrac{12}{12}=1\)

b) \(\dfrac{x-1}{x-2}=\dfrac{3}{5}\) (Điều kiện : \(x\ne2\))

\(\Rightarrow5\left(x-1\right)=3\left(x-2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow5x-5=3x-6\Leftrightarrow5x-3x=-6+5\Leftrightarrow2x=-1\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

c) \(2x:6=\dfrac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow2x=\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot6=\dfrac{6}{4}=\dfrac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}:2=\dfrac{3}{2}\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\)

d) \(\dfrac{x^2+x}{2x^2+1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^2+x\right)=2x^2+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2x=2x^2+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2x-2x^2=1\Leftrightarrow2x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\).

 a) 3/5 x=4/7+1/5;                       b)(2x-1/2):3=12;                 

3/5 x=27/35                                      (2x-1/2)=12x3

x=27/35:3/5                                       2x-1/2=36

x=9/7                                                      2x=36+1/2

Vay x=9/7                                            2x=73/2

                                                                   x=73/2:2

                                                                    x=73/4

                                                                     Vay x=73/4

a: x*3/4=1/5

=>x=1/5:3/4=1/5*4/3=4/15

b: x*3/7=2/5

=>x=2/5:3/7=2/5*7/3=14/15

c: 1/3+2/9=2/12x

=>1/6x=3/9+2/9=5/9

=>x=5/9*6=30/9=10/3

d: 4/15*x-2/3=1/5

=>4/15*x=2/3+1/5=10/15+3/15=13/15

=>4x=13

=>x=13/4

e: x:1/7=2/3

=>x=2/3*1/7=2/21

f: 1/9:x=7/3

=>x=1/9:7/3=1/9*3/7=3/63=1/21

j: 1/4+5/12=8/3:x

=>8/3:x=3/12+5/12=8/12=2/3

=>x=4

h: =>7/4:x=1/5+1/2=7/10

=>x=7/4:7/10=10/4=5/2

a) Ta có: \(x+\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{2}{6}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

hay x=0

Vậy: x=0

b) Ta có: \(x-\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{-2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{-2}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{-1}{4}\)

Vậy: \(x=-\dfrac{1}{4}\)

c) Ta có: \(\dfrac{-1}{6}=\dfrac{3}{2}x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{6}:\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{-1}{6}\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}\)

hay \(x=\dfrac{-1}{9}\)

Vậy: \(x=\dfrac{-1}{9}\)

\(a.x=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(x=0\)

\(b.x-\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)

\(x=\dfrac{-1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(x=\dfrac{-1}{4}\)

c. \(\dfrac{-1}{6}=\dfrac{3}{2x}\)

\(-2x=18\)

\(x=-9\)

d. \(\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{-12}{9-x}\)

\(4.\left(9-x\right)=-60\)

\(9-x=-15\)

\(x=24\)

\(e.\dfrac{x+1}{3}=\dfrac{3}{x+1}\)

\(\left(x+1\right)^2=9\)

\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=-3\\x+1=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

f.\(\dfrac{x-1}{-4}=\dfrac{-4}{x-1}\)

\(\left(x-1\right)^2=16\)

\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=4\\x-1=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

d,

\(|x-\frac{1}{3}|=\frac{5}{6}\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{5}{6}\\ x-\frac{1}{3}=-\frac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=\frac{7}{6}\\ x=\frac{-1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

e,

\(\frac{3}{4}-2|2x-\frac{2}{3}|=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 2|2x-\frac{2}{3}|=\frac{3}{4}-2=\frac{-5}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow |2x-\frac{2}{3}|=-\frac{5}{8}<0\) (vô lý vì trị tuyệt đối của 1 số luôn không âm)

Vậy không tồn tại $x$ thỏa mãn đề bài.

f, 

\(\frac{2x-1}{2}=\frac{5+3x}{3}\Leftrightarrow 3(2x-1)=2(5+3x)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 6x-3=10+6x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 13=0\) (vô lý)

Vậy không tồn tại $x$ thỏa mãn đề bài.

a,

$0-|x+1|=5$

$|x+1|=0-5=-5<0$ (vô lý do trị tuyệt đối của một số luôn không âm)

Do đó không tồn tại $x$ thỏa mãn điều kiện đề.

b,

\(2-|\frac{3}{4}-x|=\frac{7}{12}\)

\(|\frac{3}{4}-x|=2-\frac{7}{12}=\frac{17}{12}\)

\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} \frac{3}{4}-x=\frac{17}{12}\\ \frac{3}{4}-x=\frac{-17}{12}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=\frac{-2}{3}\\ x=\frac{13}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, 

\(2|\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{1}{3}|-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{4}\)

\(2|\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{1}{3}|=\frac{7}{4}\)

\(|\frac{1}{2}x-\frac{1}{3}|=\frac{7}{8}\)

\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} \frac{1}{2}x-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{7}{8}\\ \frac{1}{2}x-\frac{1}{3}=-\frac{7}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x=\frac{29}{12}\\ x=\frac{-13}{12}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 1:

a) \(\dfrac{9}{20}-\dfrac{8}{15}\times\dfrac{5}{12}\)

\(=\dfrac{9}{20}-\dfrac{2}{9}\)

\(=\dfrac{41}{180}\)

b) \(\dfrac{2}{3}\div\dfrac{4}{5}\div\dfrac{7}{12}\)

\(=\dfrac{2}{3}\times\dfrac{5}{4}\times\dfrac{12}{7}\)

\(=\dfrac{5}{6}\times\dfrac{12}{7}\)

\(=\dfrac{10}{7}\)

c) \(\dfrac{7}{9}\times\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{7}{9}\times\dfrac{2}{3}\)

\(=\dfrac{7}{9}\times\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{7}{9}\times1\)

\(=\dfrac{7}{9}\)

Bài 2:

a) \(2\times\left(x-1\right)=4026\)

\(\left(x-1\right)=4026\div2\)

\(x-1=2013\)

\(x=2014\)

Vậy: \(x=2014\)

b) \(x\times3,7+6,3\times x=320\)

\(x\times\left(3,7+6,3\right)=320\)

\(x\times10=320\)

\(x=320\div10\)

\(x=32\)

Vậy: \(x=32\)

c) \(0,25\times3< 3< 1,02\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0,75< 3< 1,02\) ( S )

=> \(0,75< 1,02< 3\)

a) \(\dfrac{2}{3}x-\dfrac{1}{2}x=\left(-\dfrac{7}{12}\right)\cdot1\dfrac{2}{5}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{6}x=\left(-\dfrac{7}{12}\right)\cdot\dfrac{7}{5}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{6}x=-\dfrac{49}{60}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{49}{60}:\dfrac{1}{6}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{49}{10}\) 

b) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{3}{2}x\right)^2=\dfrac{9}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{3}{2}x\right)^2=\left(\pm\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\)

+) \(\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{3}{2}x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2}x=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2}x=-\dfrac{13}{10}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{13}{10}:\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{13}{15}\)

+) \(\left(1,25-\dfrac{4}{5}x\right)^3=-125\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{5}{4}-\dfrac{4}{5}x\right)^3=\left(-5\right)^3\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{4}-\dfrac{4}{5}x=-5\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{5}x=\dfrac{5}{4}+5\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{4}{5}x=\dfrac{25}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{25}{4}:\dfrac{4}{5}\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{125}{16}\)

a, \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)\(x\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)\(x\) = (- \(\dfrac{7}{12}\)). 1\(\dfrac{2}{5}\)

    \(x\).(\(\dfrac{2}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)) = (- \(\dfrac{7}{12}\)) . \(\dfrac{7}{5}\)

    \(x\). \(\dfrac{1}{6}\) = - \(\dfrac{49}{60}\)

    \(x\)      = - \(\dfrac{49}{60}\).6

    \(x\)      = -\(\dfrac{49}{10}\)