1.

a/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+3x+2\right)+\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-3x+2\right)-12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+2\right)+3x\left(x+1\right)-3x\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+2\right)-12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x^2+2\right)+6x^2-12=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3x^2+2x-6=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+4x+6\right)=0\Rightarrow x=1\)

b/ Nhận thấy \(x=0\) ko phải nghiệm, chia 2 vế cho \(x^2\)

\(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}+3\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+4=0\)

Đặt \(x+\frac{1}{x}=t\Rightarrow x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}=t^2-2\)

\(t^2-2+3t+4=0\Rightarrow t^2+3t+2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=-1\\t=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\frac{1}{x}=-1\\x+\frac{1}{x}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x+1=0\left(vn\right)\\x^2+2x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=-1\)

1c/

\(\Leftrightarrow x^5+x^4-2x^4-2x^3+5x^3+5x^2-2x^2-2x+x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4\left(x+1\right)-2x^3\left(x+1\right)+5x^2\left(x+1\right)-2x\left(x+1\right)+x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^4-2x^3+5x^2-2x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x^4-2x^3+5x^2-2x+1=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x^4-2x^3+x^2+x^2-2x+1+3x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+3x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x=0\\x-1=0\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) không tồn tại x thỏa mãn

Vậy pt có nghiệm duy nhất \(x=-1\)

2.

a. \(x^4-x^3+x^2+x^2-x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)+x^2-x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+1=0\left(vn\right)\\x^2-x+1=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy pt vô nghiệm

b.

\(x^4+x^3+x^2+x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^3+1\right)+x^3+1+x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)+x^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)+x^2=0\)

Mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)\ge0\\x^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nên dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\) ko tồn tại x thỏa mãn

`@` `\text {Ans}`

`\downarrow`

`a)`

Thu gọn:

`P(x)=`\(5x^4 + 3x^2 - 3x^5 + 2x - x^2 - 4 +2x^5\)

`= (-3x^5 + 2x^5) + 5x^4 + (3x^2 - x^2) + 2x - 4`

`= -x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4`

`Q(x) =`\(x^5 - 4x^4 + 7x - 2 + x^2 - x^3 + 3x^4 - 2x^2\)

`= x^5 + (-4x^4 + 3x^4) - x^3 + (x^2 - 2x^2) + 7x - 2`

`= x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2`

`@` Tổng:

`P(x)+Q(x)=`\((-x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4) + (x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2)\)

`= -x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4 + x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2`

`= (-x^5 + x^5) - x^3 + (5x^4 - x^4) + (2x^2 - x^2) + (2x + 7x) + (-4-2)`

`= 4x^4 - x^3 + x^2 + 9x - 6`

`@` Hiệu:

`P(x) - Q(x) =`\((-x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4) - (x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2)\)

`= -x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4 - x^5 + x^4 + x^3 + x^2 - 7x + 2`

`= (-x^5 - x^5) + (5x^4 + x^4) + x^3 + (2x^2 + x^2) + (2x - 7x) + (-4+2)`

`= -2x^5 + 6x^4 + x^3 + 3x^2 - 5x - 2`

`b)`

`@` Thu gọn:

\(H (x) = ( 3x^5 - 2x^3 + 8x + 9) - ( 3x^5 - x^4 + 1 - x^2 + 7x)\)

`= 3x^5 - 2x^3 + 8x + 9 - 3x^5 + x^4 - 1 + x^2 - 7x`

`= (3x^5 - 3x^5) + x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + (8x + 7x) + (9+1)`

`= x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10`

\(R( x) = x^4 + 7x^3 - 4 - 4x ( x^2 + 1) + 6x\)

`= x^4 + 7x^3 - 4 - 4x^3 - 4x + 6x`

`= x^4 + (7x^3 - 4x^3) + (-4x + 6x) - 4`

`= x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4`

`@` Tổng:

`H(x)+R(x)=` \((x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10)+(x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4)\)

`= x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10+x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4`

`= (x^4 + x^4) + (-2x^3 + 3x^3) - x^2 + (15x + 2x) + (10-4)`

`= 2x^4 + x^3 - x^2 + 17x + 6`

`@` Hiệu: 

`H(x) - R(x) =`\((x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10)-(x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4)\)

`=x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10-x^4 - 3x^3 - 2x + 4`

`= (x^4 - x^4) + (-2x^3 - 3x^3) - x^2 + (15x - 2x) + (10+4)`

`= -5x^3 - x^2 + 13x + 14`

`@` `\text {# Kaizuu lv u.}`

a) Kết quả x + 3.          b) Kết quả  x 2  + 1.

* Ta có:

f(x) = x5 – 3x2 + 7x4 – 9x3 + x2 - 1/4 x

= x5 – (3x2 – x2) + 7x4 – 9x3 -1/4.x

= x5 – 2x2 + 7x4 – 9x3 -1/4.x

= x5 + 7x4 – 9x3 – 2x2 - 1/4

g(x) = 5x4 – x5 + x2 – 2x3 + 3x2 - 1/4

= 5x4 –x5+ (x2 + 3x2) – 2x3 – 1/4

= 5x4 – x5 + 4x2 – 2x3 – 1/4

= -x5 + 5x4 – 2x3 + 4x2 - 1/4

* f(x) + g(x)

* f(x) - g(x)

a: Ta có: x=31

nên x-1=30

Ta có: \(A=x^3-30x^2-31x+1\)

\(=x^3-x^2\left(x-1\right)-x^2+1\)

\(=x^3-x^3+x^2-x^2+1\)

=1

c: Ta có: x=16

nên x+1=17

Ta có: \(C=x^4-17x^3+17x^2-17x+20\)

\(=x^4-x^3\left(x+1\right)+x^2\left(x+1\right)-x\left(x+1\right)+20\)

\(=x^4-x^4-x^3+x^3+x^2-x^2-x+20\)

\(=20-x=4\)

d: Ta có: x=12

nên x+1=13

Ta có: \(D=x^{10}-13x^9+13x^8-13x^7+...+13x^2-13x+10\)

\(=x^{10}-x^9\left(x+1\right)+x^8\left(x+1\right)-x^7\left(x+1\right)+...+x^2\left(x+1\right)-x\left(x+1\right)+10\)

\(=10-x\)

=-2

d: Ta có: x=12

nên x+1=13

Ta có: \(D=x^{10}-13x^9+13x^8-13x^7+...+13x^2-13x+10\)

\(=x^{10}-x^9\left(x+1\right)+x^8\left(x+1\right)-x^7\left(x+1\right)+...+x^2\left(x+1\right)-x\left(x+1\right)+10\)

\(=x^{10}-x^{10}-x^9+x^9+x^8-x^8-x^7+...+x^3+x^2-x^2-x+1+9\)

\(=-x+10=-2\)

a, \(x^4-x^2-2=0\Leftrightarrow x^4-2x^2+x^2-2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-2\right)+\left(x^2-2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1>0\right)\left(x^2-2\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{2}\)

b, \(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=0;x=-1\)

c, \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1>0\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)

d, \(\Leftrightarrow6x^2-3x-4x+2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-2\right)\left(2x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{3};x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

a) 

/ \(x^4+x^2-2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2\right)^2-x^2+2x^2-2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-1\right)+2\left(x^2-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2\right)\left(x^2-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+2=0\\x+1=0\\x-1-0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)