Tính đạo hàm của các hàm số sau:
a) \(y = {\left( {2x - 3} \right)^{10}};\)
b) \(y = \sqrt {1 - {x^2}} .\)
Tính các đạo hàm của hàm số sau:
a) \(y=\sqrt{x}\left(x+3\right)\)
b) \(y=\sqrt{2x^2-6x-9}\)
c) \(y=\left(\sqrt{x^2+1}+x\right)^{10}\)
Tính đạo hàm cấp hai của các hàm số sau:
a) \(y = x{e^{2x}};\)
b) \(y = \ln \left( {2x + 3} \right).\)
a: \(y=x\cdot e^{2x}\)
=>\(y'=\left(x\cdot e^{2x}\right)'\)
\(=x\cdot\left(e^{2x}\right)'+x'\cdot\left(e^{2x}\right)\)
\(=e^{2x}+2\cdot x\cdot e^{2x}\)
\(y''=\left(e^{2x}+2\cdot x\cdot e^{2x}\right)'\)
\(=\left(e^{2x}\right)'+\left(2\cdot x\cdot e^{2x}\right)'\)
\(=4\cdot e^{2x}+4\cdot x\cdot e^{2x}\)
b: \(y=ln\left(2x+3\right)\)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{\left(2x+3\right)'}{\left(2x+3\right)}=\dfrac{2}{2x+3}\)
=>\(y''=\left(\dfrac{2}{2x+3}\right)'=\dfrac{2\left(2x+3\right)'-2'\left(2x+3\right)}{\left(2x+3\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{4}{\left(2x+3\right)^2}\)
Tính đạo hàm cấp hai của các hàm số sau:
a) \(y = \ln \left( {x + 1} \right);\)
b) \(y = \tan 2x.\)
a: y=ln(x+1)
=>\(y'=\dfrac{1}{x+1}\)
=>\(y''=\dfrac{1'\left(x+1\right)-1\left(x+1\right)'}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{-1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
b: y=tan 2x
=>\(y'=\dfrac{2}{cos^22x}\)
=>\(y''=\left(\dfrac{2}{cos^22x}\right)'=\dfrac{-2\cdot cos^22x'}{cos^42x}=\dfrac{-2\cdot2\cdot cos2x\left(cos2x\right)'}{cos^42x}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\cdot2\cdot sin2x}{cos^32x}=\dfrac{8\cdot sin2x}{cos^32x}\)
Tính đạo hàm của các hàm số sau:
a) \(y = \sin 3x\);
b) \(y = {\cos ^3}2x\);
c) \(y = {\tan ^2}x\);
d) \(y = \cot \left( {4 - {x^2}} \right)\).
a) Đặt \(u = 3{\rm{x}}\) thì \(y = \sin u\). Ta có: \(u{'_x} = {\left( {3{\rm{x}}} \right)^\prime } = 3\) và \(y{'_u} = {\left( {\sin u} \right)^\prime } = \cos u\).
Suy ra \(y{'_x} = y{'_u}.u{'_x} = \cos u.3 = 3\cos 3{\rm{x}}\).
Vậy \(y' = 3\cos 3{\rm{x}}\).
b) Đặt \(u = \cos 2{\rm{x}}\) thì \(y = {u^3}\). Ta có: \(u{'_x} = {\left( {\cos 2{\rm{x}}} \right)^\prime } = - 2\sin 2{\rm{x}}\) và \(y{'_u} = {\left( {{u^3}} \right)^\prime } = 3{u^2}\).
Suy ra \(y{'_x} = y{'_u}.u{'_x} = 3{u^2}.\left( { - 2\sin 2{\rm{x}}} \right) = 3{\left( {\cos 2{\rm{x}}} \right)^2}.\left( { - 2\sin 2{\rm{x}}} \right) = - 6\sin 2{\rm{x}}{\cos ^2}2{\rm{x}}\).
Vậy \(y' = - 6\sin 2{\rm{x}}{\cos ^2}2{\rm{x}}\).
c) Đặt \(u = \tan {\rm{x}}\) thì \(y = {u^2}\). Ta có: \(u{'_x} = {\left( {\tan {\rm{x}}} \right)^\prime } = \frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}x}}\) và \(y{'_u} = {\left( {{u^2}} \right)^\prime } = 2u\).
Suy ra \(y{'_x} = y{'_u}.u{'_x} = 2u.\frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}x}} = 2\tan x\left( {{{\tan }^2}x + 1} \right)\).
Vậy \(y' = 2\tan x\left( {{{\tan }^2}x + 1} \right)\).
d) Đặt \(u = 4 - {x^2}\) thì \(y = \cot u\). Ta có: \(u{'_x} = {\left( {4 - {x^2}} \right)^\prime } = - 2{\rm{x}}\) và \(y{'_u} = {\left( {\cot u} \right)^\prime } = - \frac{1}{{{{\sin }^2}u}}\).
Suy ra \(y{'_x} = y{'_u}.u{'_x} = - \frac{1}{{{{\sin }^2}u}}.\left( { - 2{\rm{x}}} \right) = \frac{{2{\rm{x}}}}{{{{\sin }^2}\left( {4 - {x^2}} \right)}}\).
Vậy \(y' = \frac{{2{\rm{x}}}}{{{{\sin }^2}\left( {4 - {x^2}} \right)}}\).
Tính đạo hàm của hàm số sau:
a) \(y=ln\left(1+\sqrt{3x-1}\right)\)
b) \(y=log\left(2sin^2x-1\right)\)
c) \(y=3^{x^3+3x+1}e^x\)
a.
\(y'=\dfrac{\left(1+\sqrt{3x-1}\right)'}{1+\sqrt{3x-1}}=\dfrac{3}{2\left(1+\sqrt{3x-1}\right)\sqrt{3x-1}}\)
b.
\(y'=\dfrac{\left(2sin^2x-1\right)'}{\left(2sin^2x-1\right).ln10}=\dfrac{2sin2x}{\left(2sin^2x-1\right)ln10}\)
c.
\(y'=\left(3x^2+3\right)3^{x^3+3x+1}.e^x.ln3+3^{x^3+3x+1}.e^x\)
Tính đạo hàm của các hàm số sau:
a) \(y = {\left( {2{x^3} + 3} \right)^2}\);
b) \(y = \cos 3x\);
c) \(y = {\log _2}\left( {{x^2} + 2} \right)\).
a, \(y=\left(2x^3+3\right)^2\)
\(y'=2\left(2x^3+3\right)6x^2\)
\(=12x^2\left(2x^3+3\right)\)
b,\(y=cos3x\)
\(y'=-3sin3x\)
c, \(y=log_2\left(x^2+2\right)\)
\(y'=\dfrac{2x}{\left(x^2+2\right)ln2}\)
Dùng định nghĩa để tính đạo hàm của các hàm số sau:
a) \(f\left( x \right) = - {x^2}\);
b) \(f\left( x \right) = {x^3} - 2x\);
c) \(f\left( x \right) = \frac{4}{x}\).
a) Với bất kì \({x_0} \in \mathbb{R}\), ta có:
\(f'\left( {{x_0}} \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{\left( { - {x^2}} \right) - \left( { - x_0^2} \right)}}{{x - {x_0}}}\)
\( = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{ - \left( {{x^2} - x_0^2} \right)}}{{x - {x_0}}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{ - \left( {x - {x_0}} \right)\left( {x + {x_0}} \right)}}{{x - {x_0}}}\)
\( = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \left( { - x - {x_0}} \right) = - {x_0} - {x_0} = - 2{{\rm{x}}_0}\)
Vậy \(f'\left( x \right) = {\left( { - {x^2}} \right)^\prime } = - 2x\) trên \(\mathbb{R}\).
b) Với bất kì \({x_0} \in \mathbb{R}\), ta có:
\(f'\left( {{x_0}} \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{\left( {{x^3} - 2{\rm{x}}} \right) - \left( {x_0^3 - 2{{\rm{x}}_0}} \right)}}{{x - {x_0}}}\)
\( = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{{x^3} - 2{\rm{x}} - x_0^3 + 2{{\rm{x}}_0}}}{{x - {x_0}}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{\left( {{x^3} - x_0^3} \right) - 2\left( {x - {x_0}} \right)}}{{x - {x_0}}}\)
\( = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{\left( {x - {x_0}} \right)\left( {{x^2} + x.{x_0} + x_0^2} \right) - 2\left( {x - {x_0}} \right)}}{{x - {x_0}}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{\left( {x - {x_0}} \right)\left( {{x^2} + x.{x_0} + x_0^2 - 2} \right)}}{{x - {x_0}}}\)
\( = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \left( {{x^2} + x.{x_0} + x_0^2 - 2} \right) = x_0^2 + {x_0}.{x_0} + x_0^2 - 2 = 3{\rm{x}}_0^2 - 2\)
Vậy \(f'\left( x \right) = {\left( {{x^3} - 2{\rm{x}}} \right)^\prime } = 3{{\rm{x}}^2} - 2\) trên \(\mathbb{R}\).
c) Với bất kì \({x_0} \ne 0\), ta có:
\(f'\left( {{x_0}} \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{\frac{4}{x} - \frac{4}{{{x_0}}}}}{{x - {x_0}}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{\frac{{4{x_0} - 4x}}{{x{x_0}}}}}{{x - {x_0}}}\)
\( = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{4{x_0} - 4x}}{{x{x_0}\left( {x - {x_0}} \right)}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{ - 4\left( {x - {x_0}} \right)}}{{x{x_0}\left( {x - {x_0}} \right)}}\)
\( = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{ - 4}}{{x{{\rm{x}}_0}}} = \frac{{ - 4}}{{{x_0}.{x_0}}} = - \frac{4}{{x_0^2}}\)
Vậy \(f'\left( x \right) = {\left( {\frac{4}{x}} \right)^\prime } = - \frac{4}{{{x^2}}}\) trên các khoảng \(\left( { - \infty ;0} \right)\) và \(\left( {0; + \infty } \right)\).
Tính đạo hàm của các hàm số sau:
a) \(y = {\left( {\frac{{2x - 1}}{{x + 2}}} \right)^5}\)
b) \(y = \frac{{2x}}{{{x^2} + 1}}\);
c) \(y = {e^x}{\sin ^2}x\);
d) \(y = \log (x + \sqrt x )\).
tham khảo:
a)\(y'\left(x\right)=5\left(\dfrac{2x-1}{x+2}\right)^4.\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(2\right)-\left(2x-1\right).1}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{10\left(2x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)^3}{\left(x+2\right)^4}=\dfrac{20x-50}{\left(x+2\right)^4}\)
b)\(y'\left(x\right)=\dfrac{2\left(x^2+1\right)-2x\left(2x\right)}{\left(x^2+1\right)^2}\)\(=\dfrac{2\left(1-x^2\right)}{\left(x^2+1\right)^2}\)
c)\(y'\left(x\right)=e^x.2sinxcosx+e^xsin^2x.2cosx\)
\(=2e^xsinx\left(cosx+sinxcosx\right)\)
\(=2e^xsinxcos^2x\)
d)\(y'\left(x\right)=\dfrac{1}{x\sqrt{x}}.\left(+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}\left(3\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
Tính đạo hàm của các hàm số sau:
a) \(y = \left( {{x^2} + 3x - 1} \right){e^x}\);
b) \(y = {x^3}{\log _2}x\).
a: \(y'=\left(x^2+3x-1\right)'\cdot e^x+\left(x^2+3x-1\right)\cdot\left(e^x\right)'\)
\(=e^x\left(2x+3\right)+\left(x^2+3x-1\right)\cdot e^x\)
\(=e^x\left(x^2+5x+2\right)\)
b: \(y'=\left(x^3\right)'\cdot log_2x+x^3\cdot\left(log_2x\right)'\)
\(=3x^2\cdot log_2x+x^3\cdot\dfrac{1}{x\cdot ln2}\)