Bài 4. Quy tắc dấu ngoặc và quy tắc chuyển vế

Hướng dẫn giải

a)

\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{{13}}{{23}}.\frac{7}{{11}} + \frac{{10}}{{23}}.\frac{7}{{11}}\\ = \frac{7}{{11}}.\left( {\frac{{13}}{{23}} + \frac{{10}}{{23}}} \right)\\ = \frac{7}{{11}}.\frac{23}{23}\\ = \frac{7}{{11}}.1\\ = \frac{7}{{11}}\end{array}\)                                   

b)

\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{5}{9}.\frac{{23}}{{11}} - \frac{1}{{11}}.\frac{5}{9} + \frac{5}{9}\\ = \frac{5}{9}.\left( {\frac{{23}}{{11}} - \frac{1}{{11}} + 1} \right)\\ = \frac{5}{9}.\left( {2 + 1} \right)\\ = \frac{5}{9}.3 = \frac{5}{3}\end{array}\)

c)

\(\begin{array}{l}\left[ {\left( { - \frac{4}{9} + \frac{3}{5}} \right):\frac{{13}}{{17}}} \right] + \left( {\frac{2}{5} - \frac{5}{9}} \right):\frac{{13}}{{17}}\\ = \left( { - \frac{4}{9} + \frac{3}{5}} \right).\frac{{17}}{{13}} + \left( {\frac{2}{5} - \frac{5}{9}} \right).\frac{{17}}{{13}}\\ = \frac{{17}}{{13}}.\left( { - \frac{4}{9} + \frac{3}{5} + \frac{2}{5} - \frac{5}{9}} \right)\\ = \frac{{17}}{{13}}.\left[ {\left( { - \frac{4}{9} - \frac{5}{9}} \right) + \left( {\frac{3}{5} + \frac{2}{5}} \right)} \right]\\ =\frac{{17}}{{13}}. (\frac{-9}{9}+\frac{5}{5})\\= \frac{{17}}{{13}}.\left( { - 1 + 1} \right)\\ = \frac{{17}}{{13}}.0 = 0\end{array}\)          

d)

\(\begin{array}{l}\frac{3}{{16}}:\left( {\frac{3}{{22}} - \frac{3}{{11}}} \right) + \frac{3}{{16}}:\left( {\frac{1}{{10}} - \frac{2}{5}} \right)\\ = \frac{3}{{16}}:\left( {\frac{3}{{22}} - \frac{6}{{22}}} \right) + \frac{3}{{16}}:\left( {\frac{1}{{10}} - \frac{4}{{10}}} \right)\\ = \frac{3}{{16}}:\frac{{ - 3}}{{22}} + \frac{3}{{16}}:\frac{{ - 3}}{{10}}\\ = \frac{3}{{16}}.\frac{{ - 22}}{3} + \frac{3}{{16}}.\frac{{ - 10}}{3}\\ = \frac{3}{{16}}.\left( {\frac{{ - 22}}{3} + \frac{{ - 10}}{3}} \right)\\ = \frac{3}{{16}}.\frac{{ - 32}}{3}\\ =  - 2\end{array}\)

(Trả lời bởi Hà Quang Minh)