PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\) (1)
\(R+H_2SO_4\rightarrow RSO_4+H_2\) (2)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\frac{14,56}{22,4}=0,65\left(mol\right)\)
Đặt số mol của \(Al\) là \(a\) \(\Rightarrow n_R=\frac{2}{3}a\)
Theo PTHH(1): \(n_{Al}:n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=2:3\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\frac{3}{2}a\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH(2): \(n_R=n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\frac{2}{3}a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{2}a+\frac{2}{3}a=0,65\) \(\Rightarrow a=0,3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_R=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,3\cdot27=8,1\left(g\right)\\m_R=12,9-8,1=4,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow M_R=\frac{4,8}{0,2}=24\) \(\Rightarrow R\) là \(Mg\)