\(n_{Cu} = 0,1\ mol\\ n_{HNO_3} = 0,6\ mol\)
3Cu + 8HNO3 → 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O
0,1........\(\dfrac{4}{15}\)..........................................................(mol)
\(n_{H^+\ dư} = 0,6 - \dfrac{4}{15} = \dfrac{1}{3}(mol)\)
Khi thêm HCl,\(n_{H^+} = \dfrac{1}{3} + 0,2.2 = \dfrac{11}{15}\)
\(3Cu + 8H^+ + 2NO_3^- \to 3Cu^{2+} + 2NO + 4H_2O\)
\(n_{H^+} < 4n_{NO_3^-} = 0,6.4\) nên NO3- dư.
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{Cu} = \dfrac{3}{8}n_{H^+} = \dfrac{3}{8}.\dfrac{11}{15} = 0,275(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Cu} = 0,275.64 = 17,6(gam)\)