\(PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có:
\(n_{Mg}=\frac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2n_{H2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
Do HCl chiếm 20% khối lượng dung dịch
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=\frac{7,3.100}{20}=36,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{MgCl2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{MgCl2}=0,1.\left(24+35,5.2\right)=9,5\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd\left(spu\right)}=38,7\left(g\right)\Rightarrow C\%=\frac{9,5}{38,7}.100\%=24,55\%\)