3.
a,
\(25-\left(30+x\right)=1-\left(27-8\right)\\ 25-30-x=1-27+8\\ \left(-5\right)-x=-18\\ -x=-13\\ x=13\)
4,
a,
\(\left(x-3\right)\left(7-x\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\7-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=7\end{matrix}\right.\)
b,
\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-4\right)=0\\ \left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\x-2=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=2\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)