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Read the following article about how to be environmentally friendly and decide in which paragraph (A - E) the following are mentioned. Write your answer (A, B, C, D, or E). Write one letter for each answer. The paragraphs may be chosen more than once.
A. FAIR TRADE
Farmers in developing countries are some of the most vulnerable people on earth, prey to world commodity markets, middlemen and the weather. So-called “fair trade” arrangements guarantee co-operative groups a price above the world market and a bonus on top. The growing fair-trade market has distributed hundreds of millions of pounds to more than 50 million people worldwide. But critics say that fair trade will never lift a country out of poverty; indeed, it may keep it there, because the money generated from the sale goes almost in its entirety to rich countries which promote the products. As a simple guide, only about 5% of the sale price of a fair-trade chocolate bar may actually go to a poor country.
B. ORGANIC FOOD
For food to be organic it must be free of added chemicals, both in the growing of the food and in the killing of the pests that might damage the crop. In a world where many manufactured chemicals have never been properly tested for safety, this is a very big selling point. Parents are thus prepared to pay a premium for organic food, especially when chemicals suspected of causing a variety of problems have been found, albeit in tiny quantities, in most children’s blood. The problem is that many farmers have not switched to organic in sufficient numbers to satisfy this growing market. As a result, supermarkets are often forced to fly vegetables as they can label “organic” halfway around the world, at a great cost to the planet in extra greenhouse gases. Environmentalists are now urging shoppers to buy locally produced vegetables, even if they are not organic and have been sprayed with pesticides.
C. RECYCLING
A great shift has taken place in the way we think about rubbish. Where once we were happy to bury it in landfills or dump it at sea, we are now being urged by national and local governments to recycle it and think of waste as a resource. The wheelie-bin culture is being replaced by a series of kerbside collections for paper, metals, plastic, bottles, clothes and compost. The idea is to cut landfill as well as saving the planet. It is, however, having some unexpected consequences. Most of Britain's plastic and paper is now being sent for recycling in China or India, which creates more greenhouse gases just to get it there, plus workers then have to separate it. Meanwhile, some paper and bottles carefully sorted out by householders end up being dumped in landfills after all, because the demand for recycled materials constantly fluctuates.
D. BEING CARBON NEUTRAL
If you want to make yourself feel better about the planet, there are lots for you to ease your conscience by becoming “carbon neutral”. One of the most appealing methods is to pay for someone to plant trees, preferably creating or regenerating new forests. The theory is that trees grow by absorbing carbon dioxide and giving out oxygen storing the carbon in their trunks. But woods and forests create their own mini-climate, which collects and stores water and creates rainclouds. Added to this, there is the potential problem that planting trees often releases carbon stored in the soil – and what happens if the forests catch fire, or are chopped down and harvested for timber? Another and perhaps better solution might be to invest in small-scale hydro-electric schemes, so that people who live in the Himalayas, for example, and currently do not have electricity, can develop a 21st-century lifestyle without polluting the planet.
E. ECO-TOURISM
The idea of “green” tourism is to persuade local people not to chop down forests, shoot elephants or wipe out tigers, but to preserve them so rich tourists visit and peer at the wildlife through binoculars. Unfortunately, the best money is made from reintroducing animals for trophy hunting by the very rich- an idea which does not always meet with approval and has caused much debate. While tourists may help sustain some national parks, they often create as many problems as they solve. One is that they tend to demand all mod cons in their hotels, such as a great deal of water for showers; a luxury sometimes not available for locals. Eco-tourism, when properly managed, can offer the locals and the animals a brighter future. Sometimes, though, the only winners are a few business people who own hotels.
In which section is the following mentioned?
a controversial pastime that rises considerable money? | Question 1. ______ | |
an action that creates a different weather pattern | Question 2. ______ | |
an undesirable result of unnecessary global transportation (NB. You must provide two different option) | Question 3. ______ | Question 4. _____ |
inadequate research into harmful substances | Question 5. ______ | |
a continual change in what is required or needed | Question 6. ______ | |
people at the greatest risk from factors beyond their control | Question 7. ______ | |
a far-reaching change in official attitude | Question 8. ______ | |
a benefit for those the scheme was not originally intended for (NB. You must provide two different option) | Question 9. ______ | Question 10. _____ |
the bringing of a source of energy to remote areas | Question 11. _____ | |
a failure to adapt in order to meet increasing demands | Question 12. _____ |
Goodluck!
B – Read the passage below and choose the correct word or phrase to complete each of the blanks.
Halloween is a holiday. It is on the night of October 31. It is (1) _______ in many English speaking countries. Children (2) _______ costumes. They go to people’s homes. The people give them candy. Children say “trick or treat!” to ask (3) _______ candy. This comes from a threat. It means, “Give me a treat (4) _______ I will play a tricks on you. “Children today usually (5) _______ not do the tricks (6) _______ they do not get treats. But some students still do (7) _______ playful pranks or things to make fun of people like putting toilet paper in trees or writing with soap on windows. In these countries Halloween is about ghosts, witches, goblins, and (8) _______ scary things.
1. A. presented B. proposed C. celebrated D. played
2. A. wear B. hold C. take D. up
3. A. with B. for C. after D. movies
4. A. otherwise B. when C. but D. fire
5. A. do B. goes C. will D. little
6. A. if B. unless C. before D. Therefore
7. A. problem B. mischief C. incident D. little
8. A. other B. another’s C. others D. Therefore
Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the sentences printed before it.
1. The house was so badly damaged in the fire that it couldn't be repaired.
→ The house was too _________________________________________.
2. No matter how hard I tried I couldn't open the door.
→ Try ______________________________________________________.
3. If Cathy hadn't been so mean, we'd have had a teally good time.
→ But ______________________________________________________.
4. Three stange boys stole my neighbour's motorcycle.
→ My neighbour's was _________________________________________.
5. I was not surprised to hear that Harry had failed his driving test.
→ It came ___________________________________________________.
29 . the movement of waves and tides can be used to generate ........... ( electric )
30 . children should avoid ......... foods such as hamburger and chips . ( health )
29. Minh Hanh is one of the most famous fashion__________ of Vietnam. (design)
30. It was a__________ tsunami which caused a lot of damages. (destruction)
31. She won the race__________ and that’s a no surprise to everyone. (expect)
32. Waste paper can be__________ to reduce pollution and save trees. (cycle)
VIII. Read the passage below and choose the correct word or phrase to complete each of the blanks.
New Year is one of the most important(1) _______ in the United States. On New Year eve, most people go to the parties. At twelve o’clock at night, everyone says “Happy new year!” and they (2) _______ their friends and relatives good luck. New Year’s Eve is usually a long night to this holiday when children dress as witches, ghosts or others. Most children go to houses asking for candy or fruit. (3) _______ people at the house do not give them candy, the children will say a trick(4) _______ them. But this (5) _______ ever happens. Many people give them candy or fruit.
1. A. contests B. courses C. festivals D. meetings
2. A. greet B. wish C. dream D. congratulate
3. A. so B. Whether C. Although D. If
4. A. on B. for C. in D. with
5. A. hardly B. hard C. soon D. always
1. She (learn) English at school, but she (forget) most of it now.
2. (Write) the letter, she (put) it carefully in an envelope.
3. The play we saw last night (not be) _as good as we (expect)
4. She asked me if I (go) (shop) the following Sunday.
5. When the boss (come) back next Friday, I’m sure we (finish) all the work
SETI: The Dream of Life in Space
People have always gazed up at the stars in wonder. Their imaginations are filled with possibility as they think carefully how large the universe is and whether or not we are alone in it. Of all the stars out there, are there intelligent beings on a planet circling one of the stars looking back at us and wondering the same thing?
It is difficult to comprehend how many stars there are, or even to guess the possibilities of their being intelligent life. Yet our interest in finding out is so strong that the search has been going on for over a century. What we consider the modem Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) began around 1960.
The SETI project not what many people think it is. A simple explanation is that scientists study electromagnetic waves that are being emitted throughout the universe. When they are looking at these waves, they have a good idea of what are considered natural, random patterns the waves take. Therefore, they are searching for anything that does not appear to be randomly. If they were able to find something non-random, they would believe that an intelligent sources of some kind must be creating it. Inother words, intelligent life would have to exist somewhere else in the universe.
While the SETI project will continue lo listen for signals from an intelligent sources, other progammes hope to find any source of life. The Mars rovers will continue to search for dry lake beds and other areas on the Red Planet that may have once held life. If any lifecan be found outside the earth, then we are probably on our way to finding life that could be similar to our own.
36. How long has the search for life in outer space been going on?
A. For a few years B. Not over two decades
C. Since 1960 D. More than a hundred years
37. What are the people in the SETIproject listening for?
A. Random waves B.Specific voice in the universe
C. Patterns that are not random D. Special time signals
38. Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
A. People have long wondered if we are alone in the universe.
B. Scientists searching for any form or life that is found elsewhere than the earth.
C.Signals from intelligent sources will most likely be random.
D. The roverson Mars are looking for signs of life.
39. When did the modernsearch for intelligent life begin?
A. It began around 1960.
B. It has been going on since the beginning of time.
C.There is no record of when it began.
D. It has not actually begun yet.
40. Why are people searching for intelligent life in space?
A. Because they want to meet aliens.
B. Because they have a strong interest in it.
C. Because it is the reason for people's existence.
D. Because life must exist somewhere else.
Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is a big city. The city is filled with factories, large office buildings. banks, restaurants, and shops of all sizes. It is a (21)____ for Japanese art, and is home to more than 100 colleges and universities. The city is (22) _______ an important seaport. Most Japanese companies have (23)______main offices in Tokyo. At the heart of Tokyo is the Imperial Palace. This is the place where the Emperor of Japan lives (24)_____ his family. Tokyo is one of the world's biggest and (25)_____ crowded cities.
21. A. house B. city C. center D. capital
22. A. and B. also C. but D. so
23. A. its B. their C. theirs D. some
24. A. in B. at C. with D. for
25. A. most B. more C. much D. many