nHCl = VHCl.CM = 0,15.2,5 = 0,375 (mol)
PTHH: R + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) RCl2 + H2
(mol) _____0,375\(\rightarrow\) 0,1875
a) Theo PTHH: nRCl2 = \(\frac{1}{2}\)nHCl = \(\frac{1}{2}\).0,375 = 0,1875 (mol)
\(\rightarrow\)MRCl2 = mRCl2 : nRCl2 = 20,8125 : 0,1875 = 111 (g/mol)
\(\rightarrow\) R + 71 = 111
\(\rightarrow\) R = 40 (g/mol)
\(\rightarrow\)R là kim loại canxi (kí hiệu: Ca)
b) PTHH: Ca + 2HCl\(\rightarrow\) CaCl2 + H2
(mol) 0,1875__0,375________0,1875
Theo PTHH: nCa = \(\frac{1}{2}\)nHCl =\(\frac{1}{2}\). 0,375 = 0,1875 (mol)
\(\rightarrow\)mCa = 0,1875.40 = 7,5 (g)
Theo PTHH: nH2 = 0,1875 (mol)
\(\rightarrow\) VH2(đktc) = nH2.22,4 = 0,1875.22,4 =4,2 (lít)