câu 2:
sơ đồ phản ứng: \(Mg^0,Al^0+Cl^0_2,O^0_2\rightarrow Mg^{+2}Cl_2^{-1},Mg^{+2}O^{-2},Al^{+3}Cl_3^{-1},Al_2^{+3}O_3^{-2}\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2;n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\)
Bảo toàn electron:\(n_{Mg}\cdot2+n_{Al}\cdot3=n_{Cl}\cdot1+n_O\cdot2=1,3\)
\(n_{Cl}\cdot35,5+n_O\cdot16=37,05-4,8-8,1=24,15\)(bảo toàn khối lượng)
giải hệ trên =>\(n_{Cl}=0,5;n_O=0,4\)
=>\(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Cl}=0,5\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}=0,25;n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_O=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0,4=0,2\)
\(\Rightarrow v\%Cl_2=\dfrac{0,25}{0,25+0,2}\cdot100\%=55,56\%\)
\(v\%Cl_2=\dfrac{0,2}{0,25+0,2}\cdot100\%=44,44\%\)