6. Environment pollution

Environmental pollution is a term that refers to all the ways by which man pollutes his surroundings. Man dirties the air (1) ............. gases and smoke, poisons the water with many chemicals and other substances, and damages the soil with (2) ............ many fertilizers and pesticides. Man also pollutes his surroundings in various(3) ......... ways. For examples, people ruin natural beauty by scattering junk and litter (4) .............. the land and in water. They operate machines and motor vehicles (5) .............. fill the air with disturbing noise.

            Environmental pollution is (6)................. of the most serious problems facing mankind today. Air, water and soil are (7) ........... to the survival of all living things. Badly polluted air can (8).............. illness, and even death. Polluted water kills fish and other marine life. Pollution of soil (9)......... the amount of land that is available for growing food. Environmental pollution (10) ............ brings the ugliness to man's naturally beautiful world.

7. Seat belts

Although seat belts have been shown to save lives, people give a number of reasons for using them. (1).................., many people think they are nuisance. They say the belt is uncomfortable and inhabits freedom of movement. Second, many people are lazy. For them (2)....................is too much trouble to put on and adjust a seat belt, especially if they are only going  a short (3)................... Third, some people don’t believe they will have an accident (4)........................ they are careful and experienced drivers. They think they will be able to respond quickly to avoid a crush. Finally, some people are (5)..................the seat belt trap them in their car (6)................they have an accident, they might not be able to get out of a car (7).................is burning, or they might be unconscious and another person won’t be able to get them out. All of these reasons seem inadequate, since statistics show that (8).......................seat belts saves lives and prevents serious injuries.

XII. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it is as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence. Use the word given and other words as necessary ( 2-5 words). Do not change the form of the given word.

1.                  Unfortunately, Jessica couldn’t go on holiday because she didn’t have any money. (ABLE)

- > If Jessica had had some money, she …………………………………………go on holiday.

2.                  The committee has rejected the new proposal. (TURNED)

- > The new proposal ……………………………………..the committee.

3.                  I’m certain Julie didn’t tell him. (HAVE)

- > It…………………………………………………Julie who told him.

4.                  Danny found it difficult to control his bicycle on the steep slope. (UNDER)

- > Danny found it difficult to…………………………….on the steep slope.

5.                  Did you mean to kick him, or did it happen by accident? (PURPOSE)

- > Did you kick him……………………………………an accident?

6.                  People say that the Pyramids are worth visiting. (SUPPOSED)

- > The Pyramids ………………………………….worth visiting.

7.                  Tom has not had a job for two years (OUT)

- > Tom has …………………………………………….. two years.

8.                  “Don't blame me if you can’t find your favorite shirt, “ my sister said. (NOT)

- > My sister said that it …………………………….that if I couldn’t find my favorite shirt.

9.                  The train journey from London to Bristol takes two hours. (TWO-HOUR)

- > It is ……………………………………….. from London to Bristol.

10.              He had a very traditional upbringing, didn’t he?          (TRADITIONALLY)                                                  

- > He ..................................................., wasn’t he?

1. I was strongly impressed by the performance of that singer. ( made)

= .....................................................................................................................................................

2. The rain was coming down in torrents. ( cats)

= ......................................................................................................................................................

3. We get on well with our next-door neighbors. (terms)                                                          

= ......................................................................................................................................................               

4. Calling Jim is pointless, because his phone is out of order. ( no)

=  .....................................................................................................................................................

5. Price have increased by 5% in the last year.         

=  There............................................................................................................................................

6. I’d like to visit India more than any other country in the world.

=  It’s India........................................................................................................................................

7. Someone has suggested the resignation of the minister.

=  It has been......................................................................................................................................

8. We suggested a lot of things, which were all rejected.

= Everything.....................................................................................................................................

1. Many children create...................................friends to talk to. (imagine)

2. If we don’t........................................on electricity, there will be a power cut. (economy)

3. Raising gasoline taxes means..........................the burning of fossil fuels. (courage)

4. His boss told him off because he had behaved.......................................(responsible)

5. I’m afraid I left the chicken in the oven a bit long so it’s a little..............................(do)

6. I’d like to make a.......................from my bank account, please. ( draw)

7. The policeman examined the parcel.................as he had no idea what it could be. (suspect)

8. The damage caused by the terrible storm two days ago was...............by the government. The real figures go up every minute. (estimate)

9. The government has yet to make an official.................on this issue. (pronounce)

10. This city has over half a million.....................(inhabit)

1. Bob is _______ of the twins.

A. big                                      B. the bigger                   C. the biggest                     D. bigger

2. His brother is doing a science _______ at the University of Edinburgh.

3. In front of the gate _______the guard.

A. did                                     B. does                            C. did stand                        D. stood

4. You are late again, please try to be _______in future.

5. His change of job has _______him with a new change in life.

A. presented                         B. introduced                  C. led                                   D. initiated

6. Her mother’s illness had placed him under a considerable _______.

A. worry                                 B. tension                        C. stress                             D. strain

7. The scheme is too expensive to be _______.

A. compatible                       B. feasible                      C. liable                              D. accessible

8. Now that we’ve identified the problem, we must decide on an appropriate course of_______.

A. progress                            B. solution                      C. development                 D. action

9. It was a daring robbery, which took place in _______daylight.

A. broad                                 B. total                            C. wide                                D. absolute

10. When I advised you to change jobs, I had your best_______at heart.

A. feelings                             B. thoughts                     C. interests                         D. aspects