\(a,\)\(\text{Đặt axit cacboxylic là: RCOOH }\)
\(\text{nH2=}\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\), \(nCO2=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\)
\(26,8gX+Na2CO3:\) 2H+ + CO32- \(->\) CO2 + H2O
\(0,3mol\) \(< -\) \(0,15mol\)
\(nRCOOHs=n\)H+=\(0,3mol\)
\(mXbđ=2mXs\) ⇒ \(nRCOOHbđ=\dfrac{nRCOOHs}{2}=0,15mol\)
\(X+Na\left(dư\right):\) \(RCOOH+Na->RCOONa+\dfrac{1}{2}H2\) \(0,15mol\) \(->\) \(0,075mol\)
\(C2H5OH+Na->C2H5ONa+\dfrac{1}{2}H2\)
\(x\)\(mol\) \(->\) \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) \(x\)\(mol\)
⇒\(nH2=0,075+\dfrac{1}{2}x\) ⇔ \(0,1=0,075+\dfrac{1}{2}x\) ⇔ \(x=0,05mol\)
\(mRCOOHbđ=mXbđ-mC2H5OH=13,4-0,05.46=11,1g\)
M\(RCOOH=\dfrac{11,1}{0,15}=74\left(đvc\right)\)⇔\(R+45=74\)⇔\(R=29\)⇒\(R\) \(\text{là}\) \(C2H5\)
\(\text{Vậy axit là}\) \(C2H5COOH\)
\(b,\)\(Xbđ->este\):\(neste=\dfrac{4,08}{102}=0,04mol\)\(C2H5COOH+C2H5OH\dfrac{H2SO4}{t0}>C2H5COOC2H5+H2O\)
\(0,04mol\) \(0,04mol\) \(< -\) \(0,04mol\)
\(\text{Vì nC2H5OOH}\)\(< \)\(\text{nC2H5COOH}\) ⇒\(\text{ %H tính theo C2H5OH}\)
\(\%H=\dfrac{nC2H5OHpu}{nC2H5OHbđ}.100\%=\dfrac{0,04}{0,05}.100\%=80\%\)