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Watermelon

                                                                                              Global versus Local

             Globalisation is a fact of modern life. We asked four very different people to talk to us about globalisation in their lives.

A Matt Townsend, IT director

I work for a large multinational corporation, so doing business on a global level and co-operating with colleagues around the world is part and parcel of the job. It’s fascinating how international teams of people can communicate with each other and work together to reach common goals and make bigger profits. It’s not always plain sailing, though, as sometimes cultural differences can cause misunderstandings. That's why it’s so important that executives travel regularly to other countries in which we have offices. That way we can get to know each other better and understand how people in different countries think and operate. Personally, I love travelling and coming into contact with new cultures. Although to be perfectly honest, most of the time we hardly ever venture outside the hotels we’re staying in. It’s really our local colleagues in each destination that give us a taste of what life is like in their country.

B Jan Cooper, MP

Over the past century, we have certainly witnessed a boom in globalisation. International trading has become a fact of life, and as consumers we have become more demanding because we now expect to be able to buy the same products as residents of foreign countries. Also, as tourists we expect to find the products we usually buy at home when we travel abroad. However, the current economic crisis, which is crippling Western societies, has meant that we need to protect our own economies. The word on most MPs’ lips these days is ‘localisation’. It seems to make sense that, given the state of local economies, people should consume goods that have been made in their own country. We all have to make a bigger effort to buy closer to the source in order to support local producers and manufacturers and not dwelling on cultural boundaries. That way, more jobs will be created in our region and the economy will benefit.

C Anne Banks, Founder of Horizons Global School

I’ve always been a keen traveller, so when my daughter was born I began to think of solutions for combining travelling with bringing up a child. So, we set up Horizons. It’s a global school because students here come from all over the world and each term they study in a different country. We partner with private international schools in each country we operate in. The idea is that students learn about the world by seeing and experiencing the sights, smells and tastes of the countries that make it up. One of the subjects they study is Global Culture. This term, they’re in Vienna, so in Global Culture they will concentrate on how the people of Vienna live on a day-to-day basis. They’ll examine the similarities and differences of Vienna in relation to other cities they studied in during previous terms. Students at the school certainly broaden their horizons in ways that wouldn’t be possible if they went to their local school, which in turn will lead to more tolerance.

D Ron Carlton, Football player

I come from a long line of football players: my great-grandfather, my grandfather and my dad all played for our local club. That’s what you did back then. You supported your local team and, if you were lucky and talented enough, you got to play for your local team. But not nowadays, I started my career at my local football club, but I was soon snapped up by a talent scout for a French team. I was only seventeen when I signed my first contract with them. It was a bit scary at first, being so young, but I soon got used to it and even picked up a bit of French. I also learnt the lyrics to some French songs! Three years later, I found myself in Italy. That was hard to get used to. I found it really difficult to adjust there. Even on the pitch it was hard. The players there have got a completely different mentality. I only stuck it out for one season. It was a bit of a relief when I signed a contract which brought me back to Wales. I’m thoroughly enjoying being back on native soil and I’m not planning to move in the foreseeable future.

Which person

35 finds it fascinating how international teams manage to communicate?

36 has a suggestion for improving life in his/her own country?

37 is someone who prefers his/her own country?

38 talks about an unusual approach to education?

39 loves travelling and wants to offer new cultural experiences to young people?

40 wants a move away from Globalisation?

41 has experienced problems due to cultural differences?

42 is a person who travels on a regular basis

Watermelon

Exercise 2. You are going to read a magazine article. For questions 43-50, choose the correct answer A, B, C or D.

                                                                                        Life in the Fast Lane

The next generation of Formula One greats is coming up fast in karts On the grid, minutes before the start of a British Grand Prix in August, the drivers’ faces are grave with concentration. The pre-race interviews are over, and the glamour models are off the track. Fans are screaming from a packed grandstand. Squeezed into his driving seat, wearing a red, white and yellow jumpsuit and white helmet, Nelson Jones is pulling on a pair of tight black gloves. No question where he’s expecting to finish: “First,” he says before pulling down his gold visor. At the start signal, with a burst of engine noise, the drivers dart down to the first turn. It all sounds a lot like a Formula One car race, but there’s a difference - Nelson is all of thirteen years old, and he’s racing in a go-kart. What could be seen as child’s play in this rural town of Lincolnshire is in fact a proving ground for professionals. Almost all of today’s Formula One drivers owe a debt to the experience first gained in a small plastic bucket seat. It is the first step for young talent to move into professional race cars, because it introduces them to the essential basics such as finding the racing line, concentration and how to compete on the track. That track record makes karting a must for youngsters keen to make racing their life’s ambition. Nelson Jones is no different, and has actually been racing since he was eight years old. Nelson’s father, Steve, stood by his son at every step. “I believe everyone has a special talent, and when my son Nelson showed us how gifted he was with racing, even at an incredibly young age, I knew we had to do something. Racing can be really dangerous and it gets expensive, but five years ago, when I had the opportunity to buy him his first official kart, I rushed to do it. It was in a really bad state, but it was perfect for what we had in mind.” The appeal is not hard to see. Karting offers the thrills and spills of real-life racing but with less powerful machines, which can nevertheless reach speeds of 160 km/h. Nelson’s interest in racing was unstoppable; he would wake up early on weekends and work on his race kart, making modifications to increase control and speed. “He had discipline. He used to be up even before me in the mornings, getting ready for the day’s race,” says his father. After taking part in three or four local races in Britain, in which he won first place despite his young age, Nelson decided that he would go for it and have a crack at his first international Grand Prix in Germany, which he won as well. Although Nelson now travels all over Britain and Europe to take part in races, Lincolnshire remains home. Growing up there, the interest he showed in racing was not via the usual exposure to video games, like the other kids he meets at races. “We lived near a small karting racetrack and I became fascinated - I couldn’t stop talking about it. One day, as we were driving past, I made my father stop the car so I could have a better look at the karts flying by. I saw so many people, including kids my own age, and I took a liking to it straight away.” Nelson eventually got his chance to try it out. The family hired an instructor for amateurs to teach Nelson, who took him as far as the age of twelve. The instructor then informed Nelson’s father it was time to look for someone more qualified. Perhaps it is Nelson’s good fortune in having always been expertly advised that has made him so relaxed about facing the pressures of an international racing circuit. But what is it like to be so young with a schedule fully booked with races, and all eyes watching him, expecting victory after victory? “It’s good for me, as I know what I need to be doing. The public’s expectations, as well as the pressure, helps me focus and concentrate so I can race at my highest level.” 

43. The writer suggests in paragraph 1 that, before the start of the race, Nelson

A. ignores the models and the screaming fans.

B. doesn’t want a long pre-race interview.

C. is confident that he will win the race.

D. is uncomfortable in his small driving seat.

44. According to the text, karting is important for future Formula One drivers because

A. it shows if young drivers have enough talent to become professionals.

B. it helps them decide whether racing is really their life’s ambition.

C. it teaches them some of the skills they need to race professionally.

D. it gives them valuable experience of driving in a small bucket scat.

45. How did Nelson’s father react to his son’s interest in racing?

A. He worried about the dangers of such a hobby.

B. He thought Nelson’s talent must be supported.

C. He realised this hobby would be very expensive.

D. He believed Nelson was too young for racing.

46. At the beginning of his racing career, Nelson

A. couldn’t sleep well on the day of a race.

B. did a lot of preparation before a race.

C. preferred working on his kart to racing.

D. needed to increase his self-control.

47. The writer uses the phrase ‘have a crack at’ to show that Nelson

A. wasn’t sure whether he would do well at this level.

B. realised it wouldn’t be suitable for him.

C. was used to winning every Grand Prix he entered.

D. thought he was too young for an international race.

48. Nelson became interested in kart racing

A. because his father often talked about it.

B. after watching other children doing it.

C. to meet other children of his own age.

D. because of his exposure to video games.

49. What does the writer suggest about Nelson’s first race instructor?

A. He lacked confidence in his teaching ability.

B. He was not qualified to teach professionals.

C. He only coached drivers under the age of twelve.

D. He decided to look for a younger driver to coach.

50. What is Nelson referring to when he says, “It’s good for me”?

A. having a full racing schedule and demanding fans

B. feeling confident that he will win race after race

C. having expert advisors who can help him to relax

D. focusing on racing at the highest international level