theo bài ra ta có:

\(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{ab}+\frac{a}{ab}\right)\\ \Rightarrow\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{a+b}{ab}\\ \Rightarrow\frac{1}{c}=\frac{a+b}{2ab}\)

=> 2ab = c(a + b)

=> ab + ab = ca + cb

=> ab - cb = ca - ab

=> b( a - c ) = a( c - b )

=> \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}\left(đpcm\right)\)

                      Bài làm :

Ta có :

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac=a^2+b^2+c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2ab+2bc+2ac=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab}{abc}+\frac{bc}{abc}+\frac{ac}{abc}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=-\frac{1}{c}\left(1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^3=\left(-\frac{1}{c}\right)^3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{3}{ab}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=-\frac{1}{c^3}\left(2\right)\)

Thay (1) vào (2) ; ta được :

\(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}-\frac{3}{abc}=-\frac{1}{c^3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)

=> Điều phải chứng minh

Ta có \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc=a^2+b^2+c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2ab+2ac+2bc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+ac+bc\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+ac+bc=0\)

Ta lại có giả sử

\(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3}{a^3b^3c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3}{a^2b^2c^2}=3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3=3.a^2b^2c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3-3.a^2b^2c^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab+bc+ac\right)^3-3ca\left(ab+bc\right)\left(ab+bc+ac\right)-3ab^3c\left(-ac\right)-3a^2b^2c^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0+3a^2b^2c^2-3a^2b^2c^2+0=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0=0\left(lđ\right)\)

Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh 

ta cm bài toán phụ nếu a+b+c=0 thì \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

Thật vậy ta có \(a+b=-c\)=>(a+b)³=-c³<=> a³+b³+3ab(a+b)=-c³

=> a³+b³+c³=-3ab(-c)=3abc                (a+b=-c)

trở về bài toán ta có\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)=>\(ab+bc+ca=0\)

=>\(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=0\)=>\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\)

ÁP DỤNG BÀI TOÁN PHỤ ta có \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\) =>\(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=3\frac{1}{a}\frac{1}{b}\frac{1}{c}=\frac{3}{abc}\)

bài này bn bình phương cả hai vế lên là xong mà

Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a},\frac{1}{b},\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x,y,z\right)\)

\(x+y+z\ge\frac{x^2+2xy}{2x+y}+\frac{y^2+2yz}{2y+z}+\frac{z^2+2zx}{2z+x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3xy}{2x+y}+\frac{3yz}{2y+z}+\frac{3zx}{2z+x}\)

\(\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{3}{9}xy\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(x+2y\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{1}{3}\left[\left(x+2y\right)+\left(y+2z\right)+\left(z+2x\right)\right]=x+y+z\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)

\(\frac{yz}{xyz}+\frac{xz}{xyz}+\frac{xy}{xyz}=0\)

\(\frac{yz+xz+xy}{xyz}=0\)

yz + xz + xy = 0

\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2xz+2yz=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\times\left(xy+xz+yz\right)=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\times0=x^2+y^2+z^2\left(\text{đ}pcm\right)\)

a) Từ giả thiết suy ra: xy + yz + zx = 0

Do đó:

\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=x^2+y^2+z^2\)

b) Đặt \(\frac{1}{a-b}=x\); \(\frac{1}{b-c}=y\); \(\frac{1}{c-a}=z\)

Ta có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=a-b+b-c+c-a=0\)

Theo câu a ta có: \(x^2+y^2+z^2=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)

Suy ra điều phải chứng minh

a)

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{xy+yz+xz}{xyz}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow xy+yz+xz=0\)

\(x^2+y^2+z^2=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)

Do \(xy+yz+xz=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=x^2+y^2+z^2\) ( đpcm )

b)

\(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^2\)

\(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(c-a\right)^2}+\frac{2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(c-a\right)^2\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)+\left(b-c\right)^2\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)+\left(b-c\right)+\left(c-a\right)\right]}{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left[\left(-a+a\right)+\left(-b+b\right)+\left(-c+c\right)\right]}{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right).0}{\left(a-b\right)^2\left(b-c\right)^2\left(c-a\right)^2}=0\)

\(\Rightarrow0=0\) ( đpcm )

\(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)

\(\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a+b}{ab}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow2ab=c\left(a+b\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow ab+ab=ca+bc\)

\(\Rightarrow ab-cb=ac-ab\)

\(\Rightarrow b\left(a-c\right)=a\left(c-b\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}\)

Trả lời :........................................................

\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}=\frac{a-c}{c-b}......................\)

Hk tốt,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

Học sinh giỏi 6A