Exercise 1: Give the correct forms of verbs in the conditional sentences: 1.If it costs too much, I (buy) ……………………….a small one. 2.If you (drive) ………………………….more carefully, you wouldn’t have so many accidents. 3.What (happen) ………………………………..if there (not be) gravity? 4.If I (make) ………………………..that mistake again, my teacher (get) ……………… angry with me. 5.If I spoke English, my job (be) ………………………..a lot easier. 6.If he (go) ………………………to London yesterday, he (meet) ……………………..his old friend. 7.Would you mind if you suddenly (win) …………half a million pounds? 8.I (lend) …………..them some money if they (ask) ………….me. 9.If we (know) ……………………who he was, we (invite) ………………him to speak at our meeting. 10.If they had invited us, naturally we (go) ……………….to the party. Exercise 2: Write conditional sentences according to the ideas suggested: 1.Mary doesn’t see the sight. She can’t tell you about that. ................................................................................................................................................ 2.It wasn’t fine yesterday. We didn’t go for a walk. ................................................................................................................................................ 3.I saw it with my own eyes. I believed it. ................................................................................................................................................. 4.The accident happened because the driver didn’t see the stop sign. ................................................................................................................................................. 5.You can’t come late or they won’t let you in. ................................................................................................................................................. 6.I don’t know Greek, so I can’t tell you about that. ................................................................................................................................................. 7.Gravity keeps people from being hurled off the earth as it whirls around. ................................................................................................................................................. 8. Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson. ................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................

Choose the correct opinion a, b, c, d

1, the reduction in air pollution was... last year

A, drama

B, treatment

C, help

D, assistance

2,in many poor nations,there are frequent outbreaks of cholera and other diseases because people there....... untreated water

A, drink

B, to drink

C, drinking

D, drank

3, the road in front of my office is always....... when it rains heavily

A, to flood

B, flooding

C, flood

D, flooded

4,too much carbon dioxide in the atmosphere causes global........

A, warm

B, warming

C, warmly

D, warmth

5,it won't be possible to save the Earth if we don't take..... right now

A, action

B, job

C, work

D, duty

XV. Read the passage and answer the question.

A carbon footprint is the amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) released into the air by your own energy needs. You need transportation, electricity, food, clothing, and other goods. CO₂ is produced by the burning of fossil fuels which is used to provide energy for your homes, by the cars you travel in and by the manufacture and transport of goods you buy.

Carbon dioxide is also called greenhouse gas, which causes global warming. That is the reason why the carbon footprint is a very poweful tool to understand the impact of personal behaviours on global warming. If you want to contribute to stop global warming, the reduction of your personal carbon footprint is essential. Fist, you can reduce your carbon footprint by driving less. When possible, walk or ride a bike to avoid carbon emissions completely or use public transport in order to decrease CO emissions. Second, support using clean energy sources such as wind, solar, geothermal energy and biogas. Finally, reusing or recycling items you no longer use is also a good way to reduce your carbon footprint.

1. What is a carbon footprint?

..............................................................................

2. How is CO₂ produced?

..............................................................................

3. What can carbon footprint cause?

.................................................................................

4. What should you do to stop global warming?

..................................................................................

XVI. Read the passage and choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the passage.

In many countries in process of industrialization, overcrowded citis present a major problem. The (1) ............ of town is mainly caused by the drift of large numbers of people from the rural areas. The only long-tẻm solution is to make (2)............. in the rural areas more attractive, which would (3)............ people to stay there. This could be achieved by providing incentives for people to go and work in the villages. Moreover, facilities in the rural areas, such as transportation, health and education services should be (4)...........

1. A. population B. popularity C. populous D. overpopulation

2. A. life B. surroundings C. atmosphere D. sights

3. A. insist B. suggest C. encourage D. persuade

4. A. invested B. improved C. impressed D. increased

6)Many people in this city have reaceived medical......... for the disease.
A. support B. treatment C.help D. assistance.
7)In many poor nations, there are frequent outbreaks of cholera and other diseases because people there........untreated water.
A. drink B. to drink C. drinking D. drank
8)The road in front of my office is always....... when it rains heavily.
A. to flood B. Flooding C. flood D.flooded
9) Too much car bon dioxide in the atmosphere causes global ...........
A. warm B. Warming C. warmly D.Warmth
10) It won't be possible to save the Earth if we don't take....... right now.
A.action B. job C. work D. duty

HELP ME! chỉ cần đáp án thôi.

IX. Read the text and fill in one word which best fits each gap.

One of the (1) __________ in global warming is carbon monoxide. The more carbon monoxide in the atmosphere, the (2) _________ the atmosphere is able to clean itself. The result is a warming of the atmosphere, the so-called global warming, and possibly ozone damage.

          Earlier, it was found that carbon monoxide was concentrated in the Southern Hemisphere, and could (3) _________ attributed to deforestation. Huge areas of forest and grasslands in South America and Africa have been burned, putting carbon monoxide into the (4) __________. Recently, (5) __________, the Southern Hemisphere has been found to be clean, while the Northern Hemisphere is more polluted than expected.

The latest research was (6) __________ during the northern winter. The high levels in the Northern Hemisphere could be because of this. In winter carbon monoxide is destroyed more slowly. There are (7) ­­­­­­________ more fires burned in winter, and possibly industrial processes work harder. It could also reflect the ever-increasing (8) _________ of cars on the roads. Optimists hope that the reason (9) ________ the North 

Read the following passage and mark the letter on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each blank.

We are descendents of the ice age. Periods of glaciation have spanned the whole of human existence for the past 2 million years. The rapid melting of the continental glaciers at the end of the last ice age spurred one of the most dramatic climate changes in the history of the planet. During this interglacial time, people were caught up in a cataclysm of human accomplishment, including the development of agriculture and animal husbandry. Over the past few thousand years, the Earth’s climate has been extraordinarily beneficial, and humans have prospered exceedingly well under a benign atmosphere.

Ice ages have dramatically affected life on Earth almost from the very beginning. It is even possible that life itself significantly changed the climate. All living organisms pull carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and eventually store it in sedimentary rocks within the Earth’s crust. If too much carbon dioxide is lost, too much heat escapes out into the atmosphere. This can cause the Earth to cool enough for glacial ice to spread across the land.

In general the reduction of the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been equalized by the input of carbon dioxide from such events as volcanic eruptions. Man, however, is upsetting the equation by burning fossil fuels and destroying tropical rain forests, both of which release stored carbon dioxide. This energizes the greenhouse effect and causes the Earth to warm. If the warming is significant enough, the polar ice caps eventually melt.

The polar ice caps drive the atmospheric and oceanic circulation systems. Should the ice caps melt, warm tropical waters could circle the globe and make this a very warm, inhospitable planet.

Over the past century, the global sea level has apparently risen upwards of 6 inches, mainly because of the melting of glacial ice. If present warming trends continue, the seas could rise as much as 6 feet by the next century. This could flood coastal cities and fertile river deltas, where half the human population lives. Delicate wetlands, where many marine species breed, also would be reclaimed by the sea. In addition, more frequent and severe storms would batter coastal areas, adding to the disaster of the higher seas.

The continued melting of the great ice sheets in polar regions could cause massive amounts of ice to crash into the ocean. This would further raise the sea level and release more ice, which could more than double the area of sea ice and increase correspondingly the amount of sunlight reflected back into space. The cycle would then be complete as this could cause global temperatures to drop enough to initiate another ice age.

The word “this” in the third paragraph refers to 

A. man’s upsetting the equation

B. the reduction of the level of carbon dioxide. 

C. a volcanic eruption

D. the melting of the polar ice caps

Read the following passage and mark the letter on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each blank.

We are descendents of the ice age. Periods of glaciation have spanned the whole of human existence for the past 2 million years. The rapid melting of the continental glaciers at the end of the last ice age spurred one of the most dramatic climate changes in the history of the planet. During this interglacial time, people were caught up in a cataclysm of human accomplishment, including the development of agriculture and animal husbandry. Over the past few thousand years, the Earth’s climate has been extraordinarily beneficial, and humans have prospered exceedingly well under a benign atmosphere.

Ice ages have dramatically affected life on Earth almost from the very beginning. It is even possible that life itself significantly changed the climate. All living organisms pull carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and eventually store it in sedimentary rocks within the Earth’s crust. If too much carbon dioxide is lost, too much heat escapes out into the atmosphere. This can cause the Earth to cool enough for glacial ice to spread across the land.

In general the reduction of the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been equalized by the input of carbon dioxide from such events as volcanic eruptions. Man, however, is upsetting the equation by burning fossil fuels and destroying tropical rain forests, both of which release stored carbon dioxide. This energizes the greenhouse effect and causes the Earth to warm. If the warming is significant enough, the polar ice caps eventually melt.

The polar ice caps drive the atmospheric and oceanic circulation systems. Should the ice caps melt, warm tropical waters could circle the globe and make this a very warm, inhospitable planet.

Over the past century, the global sea level has apparently risen upwards of 6 inches, mainly because of the melting of glacial ice. If present warming trends continue, the seas could rise as much as 6 feet by the next century. This could flood coastal cities and fertile river deltas, where half the human population lives. Delicate wetlands, where many marine species breed, also would be reclaimed by the sea. In addition, more frequent and severe storms would batter coastal areas, adding to the disaster of the higher seas.

The continued melting of the great ice sheets in polar regions could cause massive amounts of ice to crash into the ocean. This would further raise the sea level and release more ice, which could more than double the area of sea ice and increase correspondingly the amount of sunlight reflected back into space. The cycle would then be complete as this could cause global temperatures to drop enough to initiate another ice age.

 The word “inhospitable” is closest in meaning to

A. imperfect.

B. uninhabitable.

C. unlikable

D. cruel.