\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Chất rắn không tan : Cu

\(m_{Cu}=3.2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=8-3.2=4.8\left(g\right)\)

\(\%Fe=\dfrac{4.8}{8}\cdot100\%=60\%\)

\(\%Cu=100\%-60\%=40\%\)

Cú

\(m_{rắn}=m_{Cu}=3,2g\\ \%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{3,2}{8}\cdot100\%=40\%\\ \%m_{Fe}=100\%-40\%=60\%\)

a) Theo đề bài: \(m_{Cu}=0,3\left(g\right)\)

PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

               a______2a______a_____a         (mol)

            \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

               b_____2b______b____b              (mol)

Ta lập được hệ phươn trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+56b=18,7-0,3=18,4\\a+b=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,3\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,3\cdot24=7,2\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=0,2\cdot56=11,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) PTHH: \(Cu+2H_2SO_{4\left(đ\right)}\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CuSO_4+SO_2+2H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,3}{64}=\dfrac{3}{640}\left(mol\right)=n_{SO_2}\) \(\Rightarrow V_{SO_2}=\dfrac{3}{640}\cdot22,4=0,105\left(l\right)\)

a)

Gọi $n_{Mg} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe} = b(mol)$
$Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{11,2}{22,4} = 0,5(mol)$
$m_X = 24a + 56b = 0,3 = 18,7(gam)$
Suy ra a = 0,3 ; b = 0,2

$m_{Mg} = 0,3.24 = 7,2(gam)$

$m_{Fe} = 0,2.56 = 11,2(gam)$

b)

$Cu + 2H_2SO_4 \to CuSO_4 + SO_2 + H_2O$
$n_{SO_2} = n_{Cu} = \dfrac{0,3}{64}$

$V = \dfrac{0,3}{64}.22,4 = 0,105(lít)$

\(n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Mg} = b(mol)\\ \Rightarrow 56a + 24b = 16,8 - 6,4 = 10,4(1)\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ Mg + 2HCl \to MgCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{H_2} = a + b = \dfrac{6,72}{22,4} = 0,3(2)\)

Từ (1)(2) suy ra: a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2

Vậy :

\(\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,1.56}{16,8}.100\% = 33,33\%\\ \%m_{Mg} = \dfrac{0,2.24}{16,8}.100\% = 28,57\%\\ \%m_{Cu} = 100\% - 33,33\% - 28,57\% = 38,1\%\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3mol\\ Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=0,3mol\\ m_{Mg}=0,3.24=7,2g\\ m_{Cu}=10-7,3=2,8g\)

a) PTHH: 2Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2

x___________3x______________1,5x(mol)

Fe +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

y___2y____y______y(mol)

b) Ta có: m(rắn)= mCu=0,4(g)

=> m(Al, Fe)=1,5-mCu=1,5-0,4=1,1(g)

nH2= 0,04(mol)

Ta lập hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=1,1\\1,5x+y=0,04\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mAl=27.0,02=0,54(g)

mFe=56.0,01=0,56(g)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1(mol)\\ a,Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\\ b,n_{ZnCl_2}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6(g)\\ c,n_{Zn}=0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{20}.100\%=32,5\%\\ \Rightarrow \%_{Ag}=100\%-32,5\%=67,5\%\)

áp dụng công thức là ra

nCu=0.21 nMg=a,nFe=b

24a+56b=9.2

a*(64-24)+(0.21-a)*(064-56)=15.68-9.2 nên a=0.15 b=0.1

%fe=60.8%

Đáp án A