Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\cdot\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(N=\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{a+b}{b}\cdot\dfrac{b+c}{c}\cdot\dfrac{a+c}{a}\)

Trường hợp 1: a+b+c=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=-c\\a+c=-b\\b+c=-a\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow N=\dfrac{-c}{b}\cdot\dfrac{-a}{c}\cdot\dfrac{-b}{a}=\dfrac{-\left(a\cdot b\cdot c\right)}{a\cdot b\cdot c}=-1\)

Trường hợp 2: a=b=c

\(\Leftrightarrow N=\dfrac{b+b}{b}\cdot\dfrac{a+a}{a}\cdot\dfrac{c+c}{c}=2\cdot2\cdot2=8\)

1, Ta có a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc

-> a^3+b^3+c^3+3a^2b+3ab^2=3abc+3a^2b+3ab^2

-> (a+b)^{3 +} c^3 - 3ab(a+b+c)=0

-> (a+b+c). ((a+b)^2-(a+b).c+c^2)-3ab(a+b+c)=0

-> (a+b+c)(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2-3ab)=0

Th1: a+b+c=0

->P= a+b/2 . b+c/2 . c+a/2

= (-c)(-a)(-b)/2=-1

TH2 a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0

->2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-abc-2ac=0

->(a^2-2ab+b^2)+(a^2-2ac+c^2)+(b^2-2bc+c^2)=0

-> (a-b)^2+(a-c)^2+(b-c)^2=0

Mà (a-b)^2+(a-c)^2+(b-c)^2>= 0

Dấu = xảy ra (=)a-b=0

                         b-c=0

                          a-c=0

-> a=b=c

->P= 1+a/b+1+b/c+1+c/a=2+2+2= 8

Ta có:

\(\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)\left(\dfrac{c}{a-b}+\dfrac{a}{b-c}+\dfrac{b}{c-a}\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{c}{a-b}\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)+\dfrac{a}{b-c}\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)+\dfrac{b}{c-a}\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)\)

Xét:

\(\dfrac{c}{a-b}\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)\)

\(=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}\left[\dfrac{b\left(b-c\right)+a\left(c-a\right)}{ab}\right]=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}\left(\dfrac{b^2-bc+ac-a^2}{ab}\right)\)

\(=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}\left[\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)-c\left(b-a\right)}{ab}\right]=1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}.\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{ab}\)

\(=1-\dfrac{c\left(a+b-c\right)}{ab}=1-\dfrac{c.\left(-2c\right)}{ab}=1+\dfrac{2c^2}{ab}\) (do \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c\))

Tương tự:

\(\dfrac{a}{b-c}\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)=1+\dfrac{2a^2}{bc}\)

\(\dfrac{b}{c-a}\left(\dfrac{a-b}{c}+\dfrac{b-c}{a}+\dfrac{c-a}{b}\right)=1+\dfrac{2b^2}{ca}\)

\(\Rightarrow P=3+2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{ab}\right)=3+\dfrac{2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{abc}\)

Mặt khác ta có đằng thức quen thuộc:

Khi \(a+b+c=0\) thì \(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)

\(\Rightarrow P=3+\dfrac{2.3abc}{abc}=9\)