a: \(P=\dfrac{x+2+x-1-x-\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{x-\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(x+\sqrt{x}+1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{x+\sqrt{x}+1}\)

b: Thay x=1/9 vào P, ta được:

\(P=\dfrac{1}{3}:\left(\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{1}{3}+1\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}:\dfrac{1+3+9}{9}=\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\dfrac{9}{13}=\dfrac{3}{13}\)

Có \(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-5}{\sqrt{x}+5}=1-\dfrac{10}{\sqrt{x}+5}\)

Dễ thấy \(\dfrac{10}{\sqrt{x}+5}>0\forall x\Rightarrow A=1-\dfrac{10}{\sqrt{x}+5}< 1\)

=> A < 2

câu 2 rút gọn A và tìm các giá trị nguyên của x để A nhận giá trị âm

1) So sánh:

N = \(\dfrac{5+\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5}+1}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)}{\sqrt{5}+1}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{5}-\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)=1\)

M = \(\sqrt{18}-\sqrt{8}\)

\(=3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{2}\)

\(=\sqrt{2}\)

Ta có: \(1=\sqrt{1}\)

Mà 1 < 2

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1}< \sqrt{2}\)

Hay 1 \(< \sqrt{2}\)

Vậy N < M
 

2) Với \(x>0;x\ne4;x\ne9\), ta có:

A = \(\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{3+\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2x}{9-x}\right):\left(\dfrac{x-4}{x-3\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\right)\)

\(=\left[\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\dfrac{2x}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\right]:\left[\dfrac{x-4}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}-\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\right]\)

\(=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}-2x}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}:\dfrac{x-4-2\sqrt{x}+6}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x-3}\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-x-3\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{x-2\sqrt{x}+2}\)

\(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{x-2\sqrt{x}+2}\)

\(=\dfrac{-x}{x-2\sqrt{x}+2}\)

a) \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right).\left(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{2}\right)^2\left(đk:x>0\right)\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}.\left(\dfrac{1-x}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)^2=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1-x-2\sqrt{x}-1}{x-1}.\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{4x}=\dfrac{-4\sqrt{x}\left(x-1\right)}{4x}=\dfrac{1-x}{\sqrt{x}}\)

b) \(P-\left(-2\sqrt{x}\right)=\dfrac{1-x}{\sqrt{x}}+2\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{1-x+2x}{\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{1+x}{\sqrt{x}}>0\)

\(\Rightarrow P>-2\sqrt{x}\)

a, ĐK: \(x\ge0;x\ne1\)

\(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{2}\right)^2\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}.\dfrac{\left(2-2x\right)^2}{16x}\)

\(=\dfrac{-4\sqrt{x}}{x-1}.\dfrac{4\left(x-1\right)^2}{16x}\)

\(=-\dfrac{x-1}{\sqrt{x}}\)

a: Ta có: \(P=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{2}\right)^2\)

\(=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}+1-x-2\sqrt{x}-1}{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\cdot\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{4x}\)

\(=\dfrac{-4\sqrt{x}\left(x-1\right)}{4x}\)

\(=\dfrac{-x+1}{\sqrt{x}}\)

ĐKXĐ: x>=0

\(P-1=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2\sqrt{x}+1}-1\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2-2\sqrt{x}-1}{2\sqrt{x}+1}=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}-3}{2\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{2\sqrt{x}+1}< 0\)

=>P<1

ĐK: \(x\ge0\)

Lấy P - 1

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2\sqrt{x}+1}-1\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2-2\sqrt{x}-1}{2\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{-\sqrt{x}-3}{2\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{-\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{2\sqrt{x}+1}\)

Ta thấy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+3>0\\2\sqrt{x}+1>0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)< 0\\2\sqrt{x}+1>0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow P-1< 0\)

Vậy \(P< 1\).

\(a,ĐK:x>0;x\ne4\\ E=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2\sqrt{x}}\\ b,x=19-8\sqrt{3}=\left(4-\sqrt{3}\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow E=\dfrac{4-\sqrt{3}-2}{2\left(4-\sqrt{3}\right)}=\dfrac{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(4+\sqrt{3}\right)}{26}=\dfrac{5-2\sqrt{3}}{26}\\ c,E=-1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2=-2\sqrt{x}\\ \Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x}=2\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{9}\left(tm\right)\\ d,E=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2}=1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=4\Leftrightarrow x=16\left(tm\right)\)

\(e,E>0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2>0\left(2\sqrt{x}>0\right)\Leftrightarrow x>4\\ f,E=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}< \dfrac{1}{2}\left(-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}< 0\right)\\ g,\dfrac{1}{E}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)+4}{\sqrt{x}-2}\in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2\inƯ\left(4\right)=\left\{-1;0;1;2;4\right\}\left(\sqrt{x}-2>-2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{1;2;3;4;6\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{1;9;16;36\right\}\left(x\ne4\right)\\ h,x>4\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-2>0\\ \Leftrightarrow E=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-2}{2\sqrt{x}}>0\Leftrightarrow E\ge\sqrt{E}\)

\(M=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}< =1\)

=>M<=căn M