\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{31,6}{27}=\dfrac{158}{135}\left(mol\right)\)

PT : \(2Al+6H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

        \(\dfrac{158}{135}\)---->\(\dfrac{316}{45}\)--------->\(\dfrac{158}{135}\)---->\(\dfrac{158}{45}\)

a) \(m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{\dfrac{316}{45}.98}{19,6\%}=3511,1\left(g\right)\)

b) \(V_{H2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{158}{45}.22,4=78,65\left(l\right)\)

\(C\%_{Al2\left(SO4\right)3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{158}{135}.342}{31,6+3511,1-\dfrac{158}{45}.2}.100\%=11,32\%\)

a, \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

b, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)

c, \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{19,6\%}=50\left(g\right)\)

d, Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 2,4 + 50 - 0,1.2 = 52,2 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{52,2}.100\%\approx22,99\%\)

1) 

a) Từ trái qua phải : 

\(4FeS+7O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe_2O_3+4SO_2\)

\(2SO_2+O_2\xrightarrow[V_2O_5]{t^o}2SO_3\)

\(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)

\(Cu+2H_2SO_{4\left(đ,n\right)}\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O+SO_2\uparrow\)

Bạn xem lại chỗ H₂SO₄ cho ra Cu nhé

b) Từ trái qua phải : 

\(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3NaOH\rightarrow Al\left(OH\right)_3+3Na_2SO_4\)

\(2Al\left(OH\right)_3\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Al_2O_3+3H_2O\)

2) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

0,2 -->0,6--------->0,2------>0,3

a) \(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{\left(0,6.36,5\right)}{7,3\%}.100\%=300\left(g\right)\)

b) \(m_{ddspu}=5,4+300-0,3.2=304,8\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{AlCl3}=\dfrac{0,2.133,5}{304,8}.100\%=8,75\%\)

Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

a, \(V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)

b, \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{9,8\%}=100\left(g\right)\)

c, Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 5,6 + 100 - 0,1.2 = 105,4 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.152}{105,4}.100\%\approx14,42\%\)

a) $n_{CaCO_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{CaCO_3} = 0,3(mol)$
$m_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,3.36,5}{7,3\%} = 150(gam)$

b)

$n_{CaCl_2} = n_{CO_2} = n_{CaCO_3} =0,15(mol)$
$V_{CO_2} = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36(lít)$
c)

$m_{dd} = 15 + 150 - 0,15.44 = 158,4(gam)$

$C\%_{CaCl_2} = \dfrac{0,15.111}{158,4}.100\% = 10,51\%$

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

a, \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{6}.27=4,5\left(g\right)\)

b, \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,2}=1,25\left(M\right)\)

c, \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{12}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{12}.342=28,5\left(g\right)\)

Tóm tắt

\(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=8,96l\\ C_{\%H_2SO_4}=19,6\%\\ a)m_{Zn}=?\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=?\\ b)C_{\%ZnSO_4}=?\)

\(a)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4mol\\ Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)

0,4        0,4              0,4           0,4

\(m_{Zn}=0,4.65=26g\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,4.98}{19,6}\cdot100=200g\\ b)C_{\%ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{0,4.161}{26+200-0,4.2}\cdot100=28,6\%\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

 0,4    0,4             0,4        0,4

\(a,m_{Zn}=0,4.65=26\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4.98=39,2\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{39,2.100}{19,6}=200\left(g\right)\)

\(b,m_{ZnSO_4}=0,4.161=64,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddZnSO_4}=200+26-\left(0,4.2\right)=225,2\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{64,4}{225,2}.100\%\simeq28,6\%\)

nAl= 0,04(mol)

PTHH: 2 Al + 3 H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3 H2

0,04___________0,06___0,02_____0,06(mol)

a) V(H2, đktc)=0,06.22,4=1,344(l)

b) VddH2SO4= 0,06/2=0,03(l)=30(ml)

c) VddAl2(SO4)3=VddH2SO4=0,03(l)

=>CMddAl2(SO4)3=0,02/0,03=2/3(M)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{1.08}{27}=0.04\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(0.04......0.06.............0.02...........0.06\)

\(V_{H_2}=0.06\cdot22.4=1.344\left(l\right)\)

\(V_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0.06}{2}=0.03\left(l\right)\)

\(C_{M_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0.02}{0.03}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(M\right)\)

a)

$n_{Al} = 0,3(mol)$

$2Al + 3H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3H_2$

Theo PTHH : 

$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al} = 0,45(mol)$
$m_{dd\ H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{0,45.98}{12,25\%} = 360(gam)$

b)

$n_{H_2} = n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,45(mol)$
$V_{H_2} = 0,45.22,4 = 10,08(lít)$

c)

$n_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{dd\ sau\ pư} = 8,1 + 360 - 0,45.2 = 367,2(gam)$
$C\%_{Al_2(SO_4)_3} = \dfrac{0,15.342}{367,2}.100\% = 14\%$