\(\sin \left( {45^\circ } \right) = \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2};\,\,\cos \left( {45^\circ } \right) = \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2};\,\,\tan \left( {45^\circ } \right) = \frac{1}{2};\,\,\cot \left( {45^\circ } \right) = 2\)

Do \(\frac{\pi }{2} < \frac{{5\pi }}{6} < \pi \) nên

\(\begin{array}{l}\cos \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{6}} \right) < 0\\\sin \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{6}} \right) > 0\\\tan \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{6}} \right) < 0\\\cot \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{6}} \right) < 0\end{array}\)

+) Nửa đường tròn đơn vị: nửa đường tròn tâm O, bán kính R = 1 nằm phía trên trục hoành (H.3.2).

+) Với mỗi góc \(\alpha ({0^o} \le \alpha  \le {180^o})\)có duy nhất điểm \(M({x_0};{y_0})\) trên nửa đường tròn đơn vị nói trên để \(\widehat {xOM} = \alpha .\) Khi đó:

\(\sin \alpha  = {y_0}\) là tung độ của M

\(\cos \alpha  = {x_0}\) là hoành độ của M

\(\tan \alpha  = \frac{{\sin \alpha }}{{\cos \alpha }} = \frac{{{y_0}}}{{{x_0}}}(\alpha  \ne {90^o})\)

\(\cot \alpha  = \frac{{\cos \alpha }}{{\sin \alpha }} = \frac{{{x_0}}}{{{y_0}}}(\alpha  \ne {0^o},\alpha  \ne {180^o})\)

\(a,cos\left(\dfrac{21\pi}{6}\right)=cos\left(3\pi+\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)=cos\left(\pi+\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)=-cos\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)=0\\ b,sin\left(\dfrac{129\pi}{4}\right)=sin\left(32\pi+\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{4}\right)=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\\ c,tan\left(1020^o\right)=tan\left(5\cdot180^o+120^o\right)=tan\left(120^o\right)=-\sqrt{3}\)

a) \(cos638^o=cos\left(-82^o\right)=cos\left(82^o\right)=sin8^o\)

b) \(cot\dfrac{19\pi}{5}=cot\dfrac{4\pi}{5}=-cot\dfrac{\pi}{5}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}\cos \left( {{{225}^ \circ }} \right) = \cos \left( {{{180}^ \circ } + {{45}^ \circ }} \right) =  - \cos \left( {{{45}^ \circ }} \right) =  - \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\\\sin \left( {{{225}^ \circ }} \right) = \sin \left( {{{180}^ \circ } + {{45}^ \circ }} \right) =  - \sin \left( {{{45}^ \circ }} \right) =  - \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\\\tan \left( {225^\circ } \right) = \frac{{\sin \left( {{{225}^ \circ }} \right)}}{{\cos \left( {{{225}^ \circ }} \right)}} = 1\\\cot \left( {225^\circ } \right) = \frac{1}{{\tan \left( {225^\circ } \right)}} = 1\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}\cos \left( { - {{225}^ \circ }} \right) = \cos \left( {{{225}^ \circ }} \right) = \cos \left( {{{180}^ \circ } + {{45}^ \circ }} \right) =  - \cos \left( {{{45}^ \circ }} \right) =  - \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\\\sin \left( { - {{225}^ \circ }} \right) =  - \sin \left( {{{225}^ \circ }} \right) =  - \sin \left( {{{180}^ \circ } + {{45}^ \circ }} \right) = \sin \left( {{{45}^ \circ }} \right) = \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\\\tan \left( { - 225^\circ } \right) = \frac{{\sin \left( {{{225}^ \circ }} \right)}}{{\cos \left( {{{225}^ \circ }} \right)}} =  - 1\\\cot \left( { - 225^\circ } \right) = \frac{1}{{\tan \left( {225^\circ } \right)}} =  - 1\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}\cos \left( { - {{1035}^ \circ }} \right) = \cos \left( {{{1035}^ \circ }} \right) = \cos \left( {{{6.360}^ \circ } - {{45}^ \circ }} \right) = \cos \left( { - {{45}^ \circ }} \right) = \cos \left( {{{45}^ \circ }} \right) = \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\\\sin \left( { - {{1035}^ \circ }} \right) =  - \sin \left( {{{1035}^ \circ }} \right) =  - \sin \left( {{{6.360}^ \circ } - {{45}^ \circ }} \right) =  - \sin \left( { - {{45}^ \circ }} \right) = \sin \left( {{{45}^ \circ }} \right) = \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\\\tan \left( { - 1035^\circ } \right) = \frac{{\sin \left( { - {{1035}^ \circ }} \right)}}{{\cos \left( { - {{1035}^ \circ }} \right)}} = 1\\\cot \left( { - 1035^\circ } \right) = \frac{1}{{\tan \left( { - 1035^\circ } \right)}} =  - 1\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}\cos \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{3}} \right) = \cos \left( {\pi  + \frac{{2\pi }}{3}} \right) =  - \cos \left( {\frac{{2\pi }}{3}} \right) = \frac{1}{2}\\\sin \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{3}} \right) = \sin \left( {\pi  + \frac{{2\pi }}{3}} \right) =  - \sin \left( {\frac{{2\pi }}{3}} \right) =  - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{2}\\\tan \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{3}} \right) = \frac{{\sin \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{3}} \right)}}{{\cos \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{3}} \right)}} =  - \sqrt 3 \\\cot \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{3}} \right) = \frac{1}{{\tan \left( {\frac{{5\pi }}{3}} \right)}} =  - \frac{{\sqrt 3 }}{3}\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}\cos \left( {\frac{{19\pi }}{2}} \right) = \cos \left( {8\pi  + \frac{{3\pi }}{2}} \right) = \cos \left( {\frac{{3\pi }}{2}} \right) = \cos \left( {\pi  + \frac{\pi }{2}} \right) =  - \cos \left( {\frac{\pi }{2}} \right) = 0\\\sin \left( {\frac{{19\pi }}{2}} \right) = \sin \left( {8\pi  + \frac{{3\pi }}{2}} \right) = \sin \left( {\frac{{3\pi }}{2}} \right) = \sin \left( {\pi  + \frac{\pi }{2}} \right) =  - \sin \left( {\frac{\pi }{2}} \right) =  - 1\\\tan \left( {\frac{{19\pi }}{2}} \right)\\\cot \left( {\frac{{19\pi }}{2}} \right) = \frac{{\cos \left( {\frac{{19\pi }}{2}} \right)}}{{\sin \left( {\frac{{19\pi }}{2}} \right)}} = 0\end{array}\)

\(\begin{array}{l}\cos \left( { - \frac{{159\pi }}{4}} \right) = \cos \left( {\frac{{159\pi }}{4}} \right) = \cos \left( {40.\pi  - \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \cos \left( { - \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \cos \left( {\frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\\\sin \left( { - \frac{{159\pi }}{4}} \right) =  - \sin \left( {\frac{{159\pi }}{4}} \right) =  - \sin \left( {40.\pi  - \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) =  - \sin \left( { - \frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \sin \left( {\frac{\pi }{4}} \right) = \frac{{\sqrt 2 }}{2}\\\tan \left( { - \frac{{159\pi }}{4}} \right) = \frac{{\cos \left( { - \frac{{159\pi }}{4}} \right)}}{{\sin \left( { - \frac{{159\pi }}{4}} \right)}} = 1\\\cot \left( { - \frac{{159\pi }}{4}} \right) = \frac{1}{{\tan \left( { - \frac{{159\pi }}{4}} \right)}} = 1\end{array}\)