* Match the words in column A with the words in column B to form compound nouns.

* Use the compound nouns above to complete the following sentences. You may need to change the forms of some of the words.
1. Flight attendants, please prepare for …………………….
2. Gladys grows a lot of tomatoes in her …………………….
3. We sat on the beach watching a spectacular …………………….
4. A ……………………witnessed the car accident on 17th Street.
5. Make sure you have good anti-virus ……………………installed.
6. The tourists went ……………………in the suburbs of the city.
7. Italy is considered the ……………………of Western civilization.
8. The new ……………………will reduce the time to drive to the beach.
9. The company increased ……………………by extending its office hours.
10. In London, some 12,000 ……………………lit up the capital’s skyline.
11. Speak to Reception if you would like to request a later …………………….
12. Guests can explore the coast in a kayak, or join a free …………………….
13. We took the ……………………to Trafalgar Square to see Nelson’s Monument.
14. The Statue of Liberty is one of New York City’s most popular …………………….
15. ……………………is caused because the body clock does not readjust immediately to the time change.

* Use the compound nouns above to complete the following sentences. You may need to change the forms of some of the words.
1. Flight attendants, please prepare for …………………….
2. Gladys grows a lot of tomatoes in her …………………….
3. We sat on the beach watching a spectacular …………………….
4. A ……………………witnessed the car accident on 17th Street.
5. Make sure you have good anti-virus ……………………installed.
6. The tourists went ……………………in the suburbs of the city.
7. Italy is considered the ……………………of Western civilization.
8. The new ……………………will reduce the time to drive to the beach.
9. The company increased ……………………by extending its office hours.
10. In London, some 12,000 ……………………lit up the capital’s skyline.
11. Speak to Reception if you would like to request a later …………………….
12. Guests can explore the coast in a kayak, or join a free …………………….
13. We took the ……………………to Trafalgar Square to see Nelson’s Monument.
14. The Statue of Liberty is one of New York City’s most popular …………………….
15. ……………………is caused because the body clock does not readjust immediately to the time change.

Work in pairs. Use the words in the box to make compound nouns. Then make sentences with them.

Example: There are many factors that contribute to global warming.

VI. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words in capital letters. 
1. Earth Hour is a __________________ event organized to raise people’s awareness about the need to take action on climate change. (WORLD)
2. Solar energy, wind power and water power are __________________ sources of energy. (ALTERNATE)
3. The Internet is used for many purposes: education, communication, entertainment and ____________________. (COMMERCIAL)
4. In Western countries, electricity, gas, and water are not luxuries but __________________. (NECESSARY)
5. Some designers have modernized the Ao dai, the traditional dress of Vietnamese women, by printing lines of _________________ on them. (POETIC)

VOCABULARY PLUS. Use a dictionary to check the meaning of the nouns in blue in the text. What is the verb form of each one?

CHANGING THE WORLD WITH KINDNESS

Sometimes a spontaneous act of kindness can change another person’s life. Read about these incredible people and their actions that helped to make the world a better place for someone else.

IN BRITAIN

Life can't be easy for musician Daniel Black. After a cycling accident in 2009, the doctors told him that he couldn’t walk or play the guitar. He had saved £22,000 for his intended expensive surgery when he heard about a young boy who also needed surgery to allow him to walk. Daniel told the boy's family that he would donate all his money to the boy’s surgery. The little boy was then able to walk again.

IN THE US

Glen James, an unemployed and homeless office worker, did something both honest and kind. The police said that he decided to return a bag with $ 42,000 in it to the owner. A man called Ethan Whittington read about Glen and started a campaign to collect money forhim. Ethan said that anamazing 160,000 was raised and Glen's life hasn't been the same since.

IN VIET NAM

In March 2020, Hoang Tuan Anh, a Vietnamese entrepreneur in Ho Chi Minh City invented a 24/7 automatic dispensing machine providing free rice for the poor during the Covid 19 lockdown. The machine distributed a 1.5 kg (3.3lb) bagful of rice from a small silo. The team said that people in need still had access to food and resources during the pandemic.

These stories may persuade you that when you spread a little kindness, there may not be a personal benefit, but you could encourage people to be kind to you, too.

Use the word school and the words in the box to make compound nouns. Listen and check. Which types of school can you see in the photos?

boarding school

• Complete the sentences with the words and phrases in the box. You don’t need to change the form of the words and phrases.

(cockpit motorists / overtaking runway/ commuter diesel/ jet lag departure lounge)

1, The _______________ at Qamdo Bamda Airport in Tibet is 5.5 kilometers long; it needs to be this length to allow planes to accelerate enough to take off at high altitude.

2, A ______________ is the area of a plane where the pilot and co-pilot seat, and is also known as the flight deck.

3, It is estimated that there will be about 2 billion ______________ in the world by 2035.

4, Research shows the average American ______________ spends 142 hours every year stuck in traffic.

5, Vehicles running on ______________ are believed to be more harmful to the environment and members of the public than petrol vehicles.

6, Dangerous ___________ is the most common cause of car accidents worldwide.

7, The first-ever beach ________________ has been planned in Barbados, where passengers can check-in, pick up their boarding passes and relax until their flight.

Read the Learn this! box. Then look at the compound nouns in exercise 2. Underline at least one example of each type (1, 2 and 3). Which type has the most examples?