n_BaCl2= 0,1 (mol)

n_H2SO4 = 0,2327 (mol)

BaCl₂ + H₂SO₄ \(\rightarrow\) BaSO₄ \(\downarrow\) + 2HCl

bđ 0,1 0,2327 }

pư 0,1 \(\rightarrow\) 0,1 \(\rightarrow\) 0,1 \(\rightarrow\) 0,2 } (mol)

spư 0 0,1327 0,1 0,2 }

m_BaSO4 = 0,1 . 233 = 23,3 (g)

mdd(sau pư)= 400 + 1,14 . 100 - 23,3 =490,7 (g)

C%_(H2SO4)=\(\frac{0,1327.98}{490,7}\) . 100% = 2,65%

C% (HCl) =\(\frac{0,2.36,5}{490,7}\) . 100% = 1,49%

Theo đề bài ta có :

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}nH2SO4=\dfrac{\left(100.1,14\right).20}{98.100}\approx0,23\left(mol\right)\\nBaCl2=\dfrac{400.5,2}{100.208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có PTHH :

\(BaCl2+H2SO4->B\text{aS}O4\downarrow+2HCl\)

0,1mol.......0,1mol.............0,1mol.......0,2mol

Theo PTHH ta có : \(nBaCl2=\dfrac{0,1}{1}mol< nH2SO4=\dfrac{0,23}{1}mol\)

=> nH2SO4 dư ( tính theo nBaCl2)

a) Ta có : mBaSO4 = 0,1.233=23,3(g)

b) Ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%H2SO4\left(d\text{ư}\right)=\dfrac{\left(0,23-0,1\right).98}{100.1,14+400-23,3}.100\%\approx2,596\%\\C\%HCl=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{100.1,14+400-23,3}.100\%\approx1,49\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy.......

mBaCl2 = 400.5,2% = 20,8g 
mH2SO4 = 100.1,14.20% = 22,8g 

BaCl2 + H2SO4 = BaSO4 + 2HCl 
208...... 98........... 233........ 2.36,5g 
20,8..... 22,8......... 

20,8/208 < 22,8/98 => BaCl2 phản ứng hết và H2SO4 còn dư 
=> mBaSO4 = 20,8.233/208 = 23,3g 
=> mHCl = 20,8.2.36,5/208 = 7,3g 
=> mH2SO4 (dư) = 22,8 - 20,8.98/208 = 13g 

mdd (trước ph.ư) = 400 + 100.1,14 = 514g 
mdd (sau ph.ư) = 514 - 23,3 = 490,7g 

=> C%HCl = 7,3/490,7 = 1,49% 
=> C%H2SO4 (dư) = 13/490,7 = 2,65% 

nbacl2= 400*5,2/(100*208)=0,1 mol

mdd h2so4= 100*1,14=114g

nh2so4=114*20/(100*98)=57/245 mol

bacl2+ h2so4-> baso4+ 2hcl

thấy 0,1< 57/245

=> sau pư bacl2 hết, h2so4 còn dư

nh2so4 dư=57/245-0,1=13/98

n baso4= nbacl2= 0,1 mol

=> mbaso4= 0,1*233=23,3g

mdd sau pư=400+114-23,3=490,7g

C% h2so4 dư=13/98*98*100/490,7=2,65%

C% hcl=0,1*2*36,5*100/490,7=1,49%

\(n_{BaSO_4}=\dfrac{58.25}{233}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)

\(BaCl_2+SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow BaSO_4+2HCl\)

\(0.25........0.25.......................0.25........0.5\)

\(V_{SO_3}=0.25\cdot22.4=5.6\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{dd_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0.25\cdot208}{20\%}=260\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{dd}=m_{SO_3}+m_{dd_{BaCl_2}}-m_{BaSO_4}=0.25\cdot80+260-58.25=221.75\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0.5\cdot36.5}{221.75}\cdot100\%=8.2\%\)

\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{150.16,64\%}{137+35.2}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{100.14,7\%}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

Phương trình hóa học : 

BaCl₂ + H₂SO₄ -----> BaSO₄ + 2HCl 

Dễ thấy \(\dfrac{n_{BaCl_2}}{1}< \dfrac{n_{H_2SO_4}}{1}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4\text{ dư }0,15-0,12=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

c) Khối lượng kết tủa : 

\(m_{BaSO_4}=0,12.233=27,96\) (g) 

Khối lượng chất tan : \(m_{HCl}=0,24.36,5=8,76\left(g\right)\) ; 

\(m_{H_2SO_4\left(\text{dư}\right)}=0,03.98=2,94\left(g\right)\) 

c) \(C\%_{H_2SO_4}\)= \(\dfrac{2,94}{150+100}.100\%=1,176\%\)

_{\(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{8,76}{150+100}.100\%=3.504\%\)}

d) NaOH + HCl ---> NaCl + H₂O 

      0,24 <-- 0,24

       mol       mol

    2NaOH + H₂SO₄  ---> Na₂SO₄ + 2H₂O

  0,06 mol <-- 0,03 mol  

\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,24+0,06=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{NaOH}=0,3.2=0,6\left(l\right)\)

a. PTHH    BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4↓ + 2HCl

b. _ mBaCl2 = 16,61.150:100 = 24,96 g

nBaCl2 = 24.96:208 = 0,12 mol

_ mH2SO4 = 14,7.100:100 = 14,7 g

nH2SO4 = 14,7:98 = 0,15 mol

Ta thấy: nBaCl2 < nH2SO4 ⇒ BaCl2 hết, H2SO4 dư