Ta có: \(M=\dfrac{x^5+3x^3-x^2+3x-7}{x^2+2}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^5+2x^3+x^3+2x-x^2-2+x-5}{x^2+2}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^3\left(x^2+2\right)+x\left(x^2+2\right)-\left(x^2+2\right)+\left(x-5\right)}{x^2+2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+2\right)\left(x^3+x-1\right)+\left(x-5\right)}{\left(x^2+2\right)}\)

\(=x^3+x-1+\dfrac{x-5}{x^2+2}\)

Để M nguyên thì \(x-5⋮x^2+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)⋮x^2+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-25⋮x^2+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2-27⋮x^2+2\)

mà \(x^2+2⋮x^2+2\)

nên \(-27⋮x^2+2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2\inƯ\left(-27\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3;9;-9;27;-27\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2\in\left\{3;9;27\right\}\)(Vì \(x^2+2\ge2\forall x\))

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\in\left\{1;7;25\right\}\)

hay \(x\in\left\{1;-1;\sqrt{7};-\sqrt{7};5;-5\right\}\)

Vậy: Để M nguyên thì \(x\in\left\{1;-1;\sqrt{7};-\sqrt{7};5;-5\right\}\)

\(3-m=\frac{10}{x+2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3-m\right)\left(x+2\right)=10\)

=> 3-m và x+2 thuộc Ư (10)={1;2;5;10}

TH1: \(\hept{\begin{cases}3-m=1\\x+2=10\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}m=2\\x=8\end{cases}}}\)hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}3-m=10\\x+2=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}m=-7\\x=1\end{cases}}}\)

TH2: \(\hept{\begin{cases}3-m=5\\x+2=2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}m=-2\\x=0\end{cases}}}\)hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}3-m=2\\x+2=5\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}m=1\\x=-3\end{cases}}}\)(loại)

bài 3:

\(A=\frac{2x^3-6x^2+x-8}{x-3}\left(x\ne3\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(2x^3-6x^2\right)+\left(x-8\right)}{x-3}=\frac{2x\left(x-3\right)+\left(x-8\right)}{x-3}=2x+\frac{x-8}{x-3}\)

Để A nguyên thì \(\frac{x-8}{x-3}\)nguyên 

Có: \(\frac{x-8}{x-3}=\frac{x-3-5}{x-3}=1-\frac{5}{x-3}\)

Vì x nguyên => x-3 nguyên => x-3 \(\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\)

Ta có bảng

Đặt \(B=\frac{2\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\frac{2\sqrt{x}-2+5}{\sqrt{x}-1}=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)+5}{\sqrt{x}-1}=2+\frac{5}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

\(\Rightarrow B\in Z\Leftrightarrow2+\frac{5}{\sqrt{x}-1}\in Z\Leftrightarrow\frac{5}{\sqrt{x}-1}\in Z\Leftrightarrow5⋮\sqrt{x}-1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\inƯ\left(5\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\in\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\)

Vì x dương\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\in\left\{1;5\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{2;6\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{4;36\right\}\)

Vậy số phần tử của tập hợp A là 2

\(\frac{x-1}{x+5}=\frac{6}{7}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-1}{6}=\frac{x+5}{7}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{7\left(x-1\right)}{42}=\frac{6\left(x+5\right)}{42}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow7\left(x-1\right)=6\left(x+5\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow7x-7=6x+30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow7x-6x=7+30\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=37\)

Vậy nghiệm của phương trình là x = 37