Quy đồng mẫu các phân thức sau:
a)\(\dfrac{x}{x-y}\); \(\dfrac{y}{\left(x-y\right)^2}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{\left(y-x\right)^3}\)
b) \(\dfrac{1}{2x+4};\dfrac{x}{2x-4};\dfrac{3}{4-x^2}\)
Quy đồng mẫu các phân thức sau:
a)\(\dfrac{x}{x-y};\dfrac{y}{\left(x-y\right)^2};\dfrac{1}{\left(y-x\right)^3}\)
b) \(\dfrac{1}{2x+4};\dfrac{x}{2x-4};\dfrac{3}{4-x^2}\)
Thực hiện các phép cộng, trừ phân thức sau:
a) \(\dfrac{a}{{a - 3}} - \dfrac{3}{{a + 3}}\) b) \(\dfrac{1}{{2x}} + \dfrac{2}{{{x^2}}}\) c) \(\dfrac{4}{{{x^2} - 1}} - \dfrac{2}{{{x^2} + x}}\)
`a, a/(a-3) - 3/(a+3) = (a(a+3) - 3(a-3))/(a^2-9)`
`= (a^2+9)/(a^2-9)`
`b, 1/(2x) + 2/x^2 = x/(2x^2) + 4/(2x^2) = (x+4)/(2x^2)`
`c, 4/(x^2-1) - 2/(x^2+x) = (4x)/(x(x-1)(x+1)) - (2(x-1))/(x(x+1)(x-1))`
`= (2x+2)/(x(x-1)(x+1)`
`= 2/(x(x-1))`
Thực hiện các phép tính sau:
a) \(18{x^4}{y^3}:12{\left( { - x} \right)^3}y\)
b) \({x^2}{y^2} - 2x{y^3}:\left( {\dfrac{1}{2}x{y^2}} \right)\)
a) \(18x^4y^3:12\left(-x\right)^3y\)
\(=\left(18:-12\right)\left(x^4:x^3\right)\left(y^3:y\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{3}{2}xy^2\)
b) \(x^2y^2-2xy^3:\dfrac{1}{2}xy^2\)
\(=\dfrac{xy^2\left(x-2y\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}xy^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-2y}{\dfrac{1}{2}}\)
\(=2x-4y\)
Thực hiện các phép tính cộng, trừ phân thức sau:
a) \(\dfrac{x}{{x + 3}} + \dfrac{{2 - x}}{{x + 3}}\) b) \(\dfrac{{{x^2}y}}{{x - y}} - \dfrac{{x{y^2}}}{{x - y}}\) c) \(\dfrac{{2x}}{{2x - y}} + \dfrac{y}{{y - 2x}}\)
\(a,\dfrac{x}{x+3}+\dfrac{2-x}{x+3}\\ =\dfrac{x+2-x}{x+3}\\ =\dfrac{2}{x+3}\\b,\dfrac{x^2y}{x-y}-\dfrac{xy^2}{x-y}\\ =\dfrac{x^2y-xy^2}{x-y}\\ =\dfrac{xy\left(x-y\right)}{x-y}\\ =xy\\ c,\dfrac{2x}{2x-y}+\dfrac{y}{y-2x}\\=\dfrac{2x}{2x-y}-\dfrac{y}{2x-y}\\ =\dfrac{2x-y}{2x-y}\\ =1 \)
`a, x/(x+3) + (2-x)/(x+3) = (x+2-x)/(x+3) = 2/(x+3)`
`b, (x^2y)/(x-y) - (xy^2)/(x-y) = (x^2y-xy^2)/(x-y) = (xy(x-y))/(x-y)= xy`
`c, (2x)/(2x-y) - (y)/(2x-y)`
`= (2x-y)/(2x-y) = 1`
Bài 1: (4 điểm) Thực hiện phép tính:
a/ \(\dfrac{1-x}{x^2-2x+1}+\dfrac{x+1}{x-1}\) b/ \(\dfrac{2x}{3y^4z}.\left(-\dfrac{4y^2z}{5x}\right).\left(-\dfrac{15y^3}{8xz}\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{1-x}{x^2-2x+1}+\dfrac{x+1}{x-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1-x}{\left(x-1\right)^2}-\dfrac{x+1}{1-x}\)
\(=\dfrac{1-x}{\left(1-x\right)^2}-\dfrac{x+1}{1-x}\)
\(=\dfrac{1-x-1}{1-x}=\dfrac{-x}{1-x}=\dfrac{x}{x-1}\)
b) Ta có: \(\dfrac{2x}{3y^4z}\cdot\left(-\dfrac{4y^2z}{5x}\right)\cdot\left(-\dfrac{15y^3}{8xz}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{2x\cdot4y^2z\cdot15y^3}{3y^4z\cdot5x\cdot8xz}\)
\(=\dfrac{120xy^5z}{120x^2y^4z^2}=\dfrac{y}{xz}\)
Thực hiên các phép tính
a,\(\dfrac{x-1}{x^2-5x+4}\) - \(\dfrac{4}{x^2-4x}\)
b,\(\dfrac{x}{x+2}\) + \(\dfrac{7x-16}{\left(x+2\right)\left(7x-7\right)}\)
\(a,đk:x\ne0;4;1\)
\(\dfrac{x-1}{x^2-5x+4}-\dfrac{4}{x^2-4x}\\ =\dfrac{x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{4}{x\left(x-4\right)}\\ =\dfrac{x\left(x-1\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{4\left(x-1\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}\\ =\dfrac{x^2-x-4x+4}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}\\ =\dfrac{x^2-5x+4}{x.\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}{x.\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x}\)
\(đk:x\ne-2;1\)
\(\dfrac{x}{x+2}+\dfrac{7x-16}{\left(x+2\right)\left(7x-7\right)}\\ =\dfrac{x\left(7x-7\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(7x-7\right)}+\dfrac{7x-16}{\left(x+2\right)\left(7x-7\right)}\\ =\dfrac{7x^2-7x+7x-16}{\left(x+2\right)\left(7x-7\right)}\\ =\dfrac{7x^2-16}{\left(x+2\right)\left(7x-7\right)}\)
a)
\(\dfrac{x-1}{x^2-5x+4}-\dfrac{4}{x^2-4x}\) \(ĐKXĐ:x\ne0;x\ne4;x\ne1\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{x^2-4x-x+4}-\dfrac{4}{x\left(x-4\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{x\left(x-4\right)-\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{4}{x\left(x-4\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{4}{x\left(x-4\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-x}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}-\dfrac{4\left(x-1\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-x-4x+4}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(x-1\right)-4\left(x-1\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}{x\left(x-1\right)\left(x-4\right)}\\ =\dfrac{1}{x}\)
b)
\(\dfrac{x}{x+2}+\dfrac{7x-16}{\left(x+2\right)\left(7x-7\right)}\) \(ĐKXĐ:x\ne-2;x\ne1\)
\(=\dfrac{x\left(7x-7\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(7x-7\right)}+\dfrac{7x-16}{\left(x+2\right)\left(7x-7\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{7x^2-7x+7x-16}{\left(x+2\right)\left(7x-7\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{7x^2-16}{\left(x+2\right)\left(7x-7\right)}\)
Rút gọn các phân thức sau:
a) \(\dfrac{{3{x^2}y}}{{2x{y^5}}}\)
b) \(\dfrac{{3{x^2} - 3x}}{{x - 1}}\)
c) \(\dfrac{{a{b^2} - {a^2}b}}{{2{a^2} + a}}\)
d) \(\dfrac{{12\left( {{x^4} - 1} \right)}}{{18\left( {{x^2} - 1} \right)}}\)
a) \(\dfrac{3x^2y}{2xy^5}=\dfrac{3x}{2y^4}\)
b) \(\dfrac{3x^2-3x}{x-1}=\dfrac{3x\left(x-1\right)}{x-1}=3x\)
c) \(\dfrac{ab^2-a^2b}{2a^2+a}=\dfrac{ab\left(b-a\right)}{a\left(2a+1\right)}=\dfrac{b\left(b-a\right)}{2a+1}=\dfrac{b^2-ab}{2a+1}\)
d) \(\dfrac{12\left(x^4-1\right)}{18\left(x^2-1\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}{3\left(x^2-1\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(x^2+1\right)}{3}\)
`a, (3x^2y)/(2xy^5)`
`= (3x)/(2y^4)`
`b, (3x^2-3x)/(x-1)`
`= (3x(x-1))/(x-1)`
`= 3x`
`c, (ab^2-a^2b)/(2a^2+a)`
`= (b(a-b))/((2a+1))`
`d, (12(x^4-1))/(18(x^2-1)) = (2(x^2+1))/3`.
Thực hiện các phép tính sau :
a) \(\left(\dfrac{5x+y}{x^2-5xy}+\dfrac{5x-y}{x^2+5xy}\right).\dfrac{x^2-25y^2}{x^2+y^2}\)
b) \(\dfrac{4xy}{y^2-x^2}:\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2+2xy+y^2}-\dfrac{1}{x^2-y^2}\right)\)
c) \(\left[\dfrac{1}{\left(2x-y\right)^2}+\dfrac{2}{4x^2-y^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2x+y\right)^2}\right].\dfrac{4x^2+4xy+y^2}{16x}\)
d) \(\left(\dfrac{2}{x+2}-\dfrac{4}{x^2+4x+4}\right):\left(\dfrac{2}{x^2-4}+\dfrac{1}{2-x}\right)\)
