1. When a volcano erupts, hot gases and melted rock from deep within Earth find their way up to the surface. This material may flow slowly out of a crack in the ground, or it may explode suddenly into the air. Volcanic eruptions may be very destructive. But they can also create new landforms.

Of the nearly 1900 volcanoes active today, or known to have been active in historical times, about ninety per cent can be found in the areas of South America, North America, Asia, and Oceania that are close to the Pacific Ocean. When marked on a map of the world, this line of volcanoes looks a bit like a vast, open circle. For this reason it is known as the ring of fire.

1. What is the passage about?

       A. An important day    B. A natural disaster         C. One type of pollution   D. A new language

2. How many volcanoes are active today?

       A. More than 1900.      B. 1900.                            C. Nearly 1900                  D. Only 1900     

3. The word “close to” in line 6 is CLOSEST in meaning to ______.

       A. far from                    B. behind                           C. near                               D. opposite

4. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. The line of volcanoes is known as the ring of wind.      B. The line of volcanoes is known as the ring of water.

C. The line of volcanoes is known as the ring of fire. D. The line of volcanoes is known as the ring of land.

A volcano is an opening in the earth's surface through (14) lava, hot th gases, and rock fragment erupt. (15) 20 Lu Hoang Tri an opening occurs when melted rock from depth within the earth blasts through the surface. Most volcanoes are at the p of mountains, and the mountains themselves are also called volcanoes Eruptions of volcanic mountains are spectacular (16) huge fiery clouds rise over the mountains, an (17) sides. In other eruptions, red-hit ash and cinders shoot out the mountaintop, and large chunks of hot rock are blasted (18) few eruptions are so (19) eruptions occur on volcanic islands. Such islands are the tops of volcanic islands in some eruptions, d glowing rivers of lava flow down into the air. A that they blow the mountain apart. Some from that have been built (20) from the ocean floor by repeated eruptions. Other eruptions occur along narrow cracks in the (21) floor

Red Alert: Volcanoes

Volcanoes can be fun to learn about. It can be neat to watch them erupt. But if you live near a volcano, you know that they are dangerous! An eruption can like an explosion. Rock and lava can throw up into the air. Streams of red hot lava quickly run down from the peak of the volcano. The air is filled with deadly gases. These things can put many lives in danger. Scientists have learned that there are many things that they can study to help them tell when an eruption might happen. They can study the movements of the ground. When a volcano is about to erupt, the ground will often move just like it does during an earthquake. Scientists can also measure the gases that come out of a volcano. Most volcanoes emit gases all of the time. More gases are let out as the volcano gets closer to erupting. They can also study the way the land and water around the volcano. Scientists can read these signs and warn people of danger. They may not realize it, but their work helps to keep people safe!

1. Read the passage and choose the best answer A, B,Cor D toeach question below. 1. In the passage, a volcanic eruption is compared as .

A.an explosion

B.an exploration

C.a bomb

D.a danger

2. can come out from a volcanic eruption.

A. Rock

B.Lava

C.Gases

D.All above

3. can study many things to predict when an eruption might happen.

A.Economists

B.Scientists

C.People

D.Biologists

4. There are ways for studying to estimate the time an eruption might happen.

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

5. When an eruption is going to happen, .

A.the ground moves as it does during an earthquake.

B.the gases don't come out of it more than usual.

C.only the water around it changes.

D.the ground moves slowly and weakly.

 Choose the word or phrase that best fits the blank space in the following passage:

        A volcano is an opening in the earth’s surface through (1)___________ lava, hot, gases and rock fragments erupt. (2) ________ an opening occurs when melted rock from deep within the earth blasts through the surface. Most volcanoes are a top mountains, particularly cone-shaped mountains. The mountains themselves are also called volcanoes.

        Eruptions of volcanic mountains are spectacular sights. In some eruptions, huge fiery clouds rise over the mountain, and growing rivers of lava flow down (3) _________ sides. In other eruptions, red- hot ash and cinders shoot out the mountaintop, and large chunks of hot rockare blasted (4) ________ into the air. A few eruptions are so ( 5) _________ that they blow the mountain apart.

     Some eruptions occur on volcanic islands. Such islands are the tops of volcanic mountains that have been built (6) __________ from the ocean floor by repeated eruptions. Other

eruptions occur along narrow cracks in the ocean floor.

     1/ A. which             B. that                   C. where                     D. when

     2/ A. So                   B. Such                 C. That                       D. Many

     3/ A. its                   B. it                       C. their                       D. theirs

     4/ A. high               B. low                    C. below                     D. above

     5/ A. gentle             B. violent              C. terrible                   D. awful

     6/ A. up                  B. on                      C. into                        D. onto

Read the following passage andmark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correctanswerto each ofthe questions from 36to 41.

The Ring of Fire is an enormous chain of volcanoes all around the Pacific Ocean. The ring goes from New Zealand up to Asia and across the ocean to Alaska. From Alaska, the ring continues southward along the coast of both North and South America. More than seventy-five percent of the world's volcanoes are located in this ring. Scientists are interested in studying the Ring of Fire because they can observe plate tectonics at work there. In 1912, a German scientist, Alfred Wegener, came up with the first theory of land movement. Wegener said continents are made up of lighter rocks resting on heavier material. Similar to the way large things move while floating on water, Wegener suggested that the positions of the continents were not fixed, but that they moved slightly. Later, scientists discovered most of Wegener's ideas were right on the mark. They then developed the theory called plate tectonics. According to plate tectonics, the surface of the Earth consists of a number of enormous plates or sections of rock, each about eighty kilometers thick. The plates float and slowly move at speeds between one to ten centimeters every year. That is about the rate your fingernails grow! Within the Ring of Fire, new material for the Earth's plates is constantly being created as hot liquid rock called magma flows from the center of the Earth up to the ocean floor. All the existing plates on the Earth's surface have to move slightly to make room for the new material. As plates move both away from and toward each other, they run into each other. When they hit each other, one plate might move under another. This process is called subduction. Subduction frequently causes earthquakes. It may also result in the bottom plate melting due to the extreme temperatures under the top plate. The magma created in this process can rise to the Earth's surface and come out through volcanoes, as can be seen along the Ring of Fire.

The word “fixed” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _______________.

A. not changing

B. unstable

C. moving

D. floating

Read the following passage andmark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correctanswerto each ofthe questions from 36to 41.

The Ring of Fire is an enormous chain of volcanoes all around the Pacific Ocean. The ring goes from New Zealand up to Asia and across the ocean to Alaska. From Alaska, the ring continues southward along the coast of both North and South America. More than seventy-five percent of the world's volcanoes are located in this ring. Scientists are interested in studying the Ring of Fire because they can observe plate tectonics at work there. In 1912, a German scientist, Alfred Wegener, came up with the first theory of land movement. Wegener said continents are made up of lighter rocks resting on heavier material. Similar to the way large things move while floating on water, Wegener suggested that the positions of the continents were not fixed, but that they moved slightly. Later, scientists discovered most of Wegener's ideas were right on the mark. They then developed the theory called plate tectonics. According to plate tectonics, the surface of the Earth consists of a number of enormous plates or sections of rock, each about eighty kilometers thick. The plates float and slowly move at speeds between one to ten centimeters every year. That is about the rate your fingernails grow! Within the Ring of Fire, new material for the Earth's plates is constantly being created as hot liquid rock called magma flows from the center of the Earth up to the ocean floor. All the existing plates on the Earth's surface have to move slightly to make room for the new material. As plates move both away from and toward each other, they run into each other. When they hit each other, one plate might move under another. This process is called subduction. Subduction frequently causes earthquakes. It may also result in the bottom plate melting due to the extreme temperatures under the top plate. The magma created in this process can rise to the Earth's surface and come out through volcanoes, as can be seen along the Ring of Fire.

What does “subduction” mean in this reading?

A. Rocks moving under volcanoes

B. Erupting liquid rock

C. The theory of moving plates

D. Movement of a plate under another

Read the following passage andmark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correctanswerto each ofthe questions from 36to 41.

The Ring of Fire is an enormous chain of volcanoes all around the Pacific Ocean. The ring goes from New Zealand up to Asia and across the ocean to Alaska. From Alaska, the ring continues southward along the coast of both North and South America. More than seventy-five percent of the world's volcanoes are located in this ring. Scientists are interested in studying the Ring of Fire because they can observe plate tectonics at work there. In 1912, a German scientist, Alfred Wegener, came up with the first theory of land movement. Wegener said continents are made up of lighter rocks resting on heavier material. Similar to the way large things move while floating on water, Wegener suggested that the positions of the continents were not fixed, but that they moved slightly. Later, scientists discovered most of Wegener's ideas were right on the mark. They then developed the theory called plate tectonics. According to plate tectonics, the surface of the Earth consists of a number of enormous plates or sections of rock, each about eighty kilometers thick. The plates float and slowly move at speeds between one to ten centimeters every year. That is about the rate your fingernails grow! Within the Ring of Fire, new material for the Earth's plates is constantly being created as hot liquid rock called magma flows from the center of the Earth up to the ocean floor. All the existing plates on the Earth's surface have to move slightly to make room for the new material. As plates move both away from and toward each other, they run into each other. When they hit each other, one plate might move under another. This process is called subduction. Subduction frequently causes earthquakes. It may also result in the bottom plate melting due to the extreme temperatures under the top plate. The magma created in this process can rise to the Earth's surface and come out through volcanoes, as can be seen along the Ring of Fire.

What is the main focus of this reading?

A. The most active volcanoes found in the Ring of Fire

B. The location of the Ring of Fire

C. How the plates on the Earth‟s surface move in different ways

D. How plate tectonics, volcanoes, and earthquakes are related

Read the following passage andmark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correctanswerto each ofthe questions from 36to 41.

The Ring of Fire is an enormous chain of volcanoes all around the Pacific Ocean. The ring goes from New Zealand up to Asia and across the ocean to Alaska. From Alaska, the ring continues southward along the coast of both North and South America. More than seventy-five percent of the world's volcanoes are located in this ring. Scientists are interested in studying the Ring of Fire because they can observe plate tectonics at work there. In 1912, a German scientist, Alfred Wegener, came up with the first theory of land movement. Wegener said continents are made up of lighter rocks resting on heavier material. Similar to the way large things move while floating on water, Wegener suggested that the positions of the continents were not fixed, but that they moved slightly. Later, scientists discovered most of Wegener's ideas were right on the mark. They then developed the theory called plate tectonics. According to plate tectonics, the surface of the Earth consists of a number of enormous plates or sections of rock, each about eighty kilometers thick. The plates float and slowly move at speeds between one to ten centimeters every year. That is about the rate your fingernails grow! Within the Ring of Fire, new material for the Earth's plates is constantly being created as hot liquid rock called magma flows from the center of the Earth up to the ocean floor. All the existing plates on the Earth's surface have to move slightly to make room for the new material. As plates move both away from and toward each other, they run into each other. When they hit each other, one plate might move under another. This process is called subduction. Subduction frequently causes earthquakes. It may also result in the bottom plate melting due to the extreme temperatures under the top plate. The magma created in this process can rise to the Earth's surface and come out through volcanoes, as can be seen along the Ring of Fire.

What is NOT a result of shifting tectonic plates?

A. Earthquakes

B. Extreme temperatures inside the Earth

C. Volcanoes

D. Subduction