a: =>3n+3-1 chia hết cho n+1

=>\(n+1\in\left\{1;-1\right\}\)

=>\(n\in\left\{0;-2\right\}\)

b: =>xy-5y-x-1=0

=>x(y-1)-5y+5-6=0

=>(x-5)(y-1)=6

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5;y-1\right)\in\left\{\left(1;6\right);\left(6;1\right);\left(-1;-6\right);\left(-6;-2\right);\left(2;3\right);\left(3;2\right);\left(-3;-2\right);\left(-2;-3\right)\right\}\)

=>\(\left(x,y\right)\in\left\{\left(6;7\right);\left(11;2\right);\left(4;-5\right);\left(-1;-1\right);\left(7;4\right);\left(8;3\right);\left(3;-2\right);\left(2;-1\right)\right\}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow6-2xy=3x\Leftrightarrow6=x\left(2y+3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{6}{2y+3}\left(y\ne-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\) (1)

x nguyên khi \(6⋮\left(2y+3\right)\Rightarrow\left(2y+3\right)=\left\{-6;-3;-2;-1;1;2;3;6\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow y=\left\{-\dfrac{9}{2};-3;-\dfrac{5}{2};-2;-1;-\dfrac{1}{2};0;\dfrac{3}{2}\right\}\) Do y nguyên

\(\Rightarrow y=\left\{-3;-2;-1;0\right\}\) Thay lần lượt các giá trị của y vào (1) để tìm các giá trị tương ứng của x

a) \(\left(3x-5\right)\left(5-3x\right)+9\left(x+1\right)^2=30\)

\(\Rightarrow15x-9x^2-25+15x+9\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-30=0\)

\(\Rightarrow30x-9x^2-25+9x^2+18x+9-30=0\)

\(\Rightarrow48x-46=0\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{23}{24}\)

b) \(\left(x+4\right)^2-\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=16\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+8x+16\right)-\left(x^2-1\right)=16\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+8x+16-x^2+1=16\)

\(\Rightarrow8x+17=16\)

\(\Rightarrow8x=-1\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{-1}{8}\)

c) \(\left(y-2\right)^3-\left(y-3\right)\left(y^2+3y+9\right)+6\left(y+1\right)^2=49\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(y-2\right)^3-\left(y^3-3^3\right)+6\left(y^2+2y+1\right)=49\)

\(\Rightarrow y^3-6y^2+12y-8-y^3+27+6y^2+12y+6=49\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(y^3-y^3\right)+\left(-6y^2+6y^2\right)+\left(12y+12y\right)+\left(-8+27+6\right)=49\)

\(\Rightarrow24y+25=49\)

\(\Rightarrow24y=24\)

\(\Rightarrow y=1\)

d) \(\left(y+3\right)^3-\left(y+1\right)^3=56\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(y+3-y-1\right)[\left(y+3\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2]=56\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(y^2+6y+9+y^2+4y+3+y^2+2y+1\right)=56\)

\(\Rightarrow3y^2+12y+13=28\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(3y^2+15y\right)-\left(3y+15\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow3y\left(y+5\right)-3\left(y+5\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow3\left(y-1\right)\left(y+5\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x+5=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=-5\end{cases}}\)

           Bài làm :

 \(\text{a)}9\left(x+y-1\right)^2-4\left(2x+3y+1\right)^2\)

\(=\left(3x+3y-3\right)^2-\left(4x+6y+2\right)^2\)

\(=\left(3x+3y-3-4x-6y-2\right)\left(3x+3y-3+4x+6y+2\right)\)

\(=\left(-x-3y-5\right)\left(7x+9y-1\right)\)

 \(\text{b)}3x^4y^2+3x^3y^2+3xy^2+3y^2\)

\(=\left(3x^4y^2+3xy^2\right)+\left(3x^3y^2+3y^2\right)\)

\(=3xy^2\left(x^3+1\right)+3y^2\left(x^3+1\right)\)

\(=\left(3xy^2+3y^2\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)

\(=3y^2\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)

\(=3y^2\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)

 \(\text{c)}\left(x+y\right)^3-1-3xy\left(x+y-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y-1\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+x+y+1\right]-3xy\left(x+y-1\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2+x+y+1-3xy\right)\)

\(=\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2+x+y^2+y+1-xy\right)\)

\(d ) x^3+3x^2+3x+1-27z^3\)

\(=\left(x+1\right)^3-\left(3z\right)^3\)

\(=\left(x+1-3z\right)\left(x^2+2x+1+3xz+3z+9z^2\right)\)

a, 3x-(2x+1)\(=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x-2x-1=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x-2x=2+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)

a) \(3x-\left(2x+1\right)=2\)

\(3x-2x-1=2\)

\(x-1=2\)

\(x=3\)

vay \(x=3\)

1) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{15}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{z}{15}=\dfrac{x-y+z}{8-12+15}=\dfrac{10}{11}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{8}=\dfrac{10}{11}\\\dfrac{y}{12}=\dfrac{10}{11}\\\dfrac{z}{15}=\dfrac{10}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{80}{11}\\y=\dfrac{120}{11}\\z=\dfrac{150}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)

2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{y}{4}\\\dfrac{y}{5}=\dfrac{z}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{28}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{z}{28}=\dfrac{2x}{30}=\dfrac{3y}{60}=\dfrac{2x+3y-z}{30+60-28}=\dfrac{136}{62}=\dfrac{68}{31}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{15}=\dfrac{68}{31}\\\dfrac{y}{20}=\dfrac{68}{31}\\\dfrac{z}{28}=\dfrac{68}{31}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1020}{31}\\y=\dfrac{1360}{31}\\z=\dfrac{1904}{31}\end{matrix}\right.\)

3) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3x-9}{15}=\dfrac{5y-25}{5}=\dfrac{7z+21}{49}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{3x-9}{15}=\dfrac{5y-25}{5}=\dfrac{7z+21}{49}=\dfrac{3x+5y-7z-9-25-21}{15+5-49}=-\dfrac{45}{29}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3x-9}{15}=-\dfrac{45}{29}\\\dfrac{5y-25}{5}=-\dfrac{45}{29}\\\dfrac{7z+21}{49}=-\dfrac{45}{29}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{138}{29}\\y=\dfrac{100}{29}\\z=-\dfrac{402}{29}\end{matrix}\right.\)

1) ADTCDTSBN, ta có:

 \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{4}=\frac{z}{5}\)= \(\frac{2x^2+2y^2-3z^2}{18+32-75}=\frac{-100}{-25}\)= 4

* \(\frac{x}{3}=4\)=> x = 3 . 4 = 12

- \(\frac{y}{4}=4\)=> y = 4 . 4 = 16

* \(\frac{z}{5}=4\)=> z = 5 . 4 = 20

Vậy x = 12

       y = 16

       z = 20

x=12

y=16

z=20

a: A=2/3x^2y+4x^2y=14/3x^2y

=14/3*9*7=294

b: B=xy^2(1/2+1/3+1/6)=xy^2=3/4*1/4=3/16

c: C=x^3y^3(2+10-20)=-8x^3y^3

=-8*1^3(-1)^3=8

d: D=xy^2(2018+16-2016)

=18xy^2

=18(-2)*1/9=-4