Exercise 1: Choose the correct answers.
1. He got wet he forgot his umbrella.
A. because of B. because C. but D. and
2. He stops working heavy raining.
A. in spite of B. although C. despite D. because of
3. They have a lot of difficulties in their life their poverty.
A. in spite of B. although C. because D. because of
4. Jill and Jolly were happy it was their both birthday party that day.
A. because B. even though C. spite of D. Despite
5. Nobody could hear her she spoke too quietly.
A. although B. because C. because of D. in spite of
6. We decided to leave early the party was boring.
A. although B. despite C. because D. because of
7. We all feel sad the bad news
A. because B. because of C. though D. despite
8. John lost his job his laziness.
A. because of B. because C. in spite of D. though
9. We can't go to Julia's party we're going away that weekend.
A. because B. because of C. although D. in spite of
10. Nam was absent from class yesterday he felt sick.
A. so B. because C. although D. but
Exercise 2: Choose the correct answers.
1. The boy can’t reach the shelf he’s not tall enough.
A. because B. although C. even though D. and
2. She couldn’t unlock it she had the wrong key.
A. while B. but C. though D. because
3. Nam failed the final exam he was lazy.
A. while B. though C. because D. but
4. We watched TV the whole evening we had nothing better to do.
A. because B. though C. so D. but
5. We didn’t go for a walk it was very cold.
A. though B. because C. but D. so
6. They decided not to go out for a meal they were too tired.
A. so B. because C. but D. if
7. I’m learning English I want to get a better job.
A. or B. because C. therefore D. but
8. Last night we came to the show late the traffic was terrible.
A. although B. despite C. and D. because
9. Lan couldn’t pass the exam she is too lazy.
A. because B. because of C. although D. in spite of

10. his broken leg, he didn’t come to class yesterday.
A. because B. because of C. despite D. so
Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with because/ because of.
1. We delayed our trip BECAUSE OF the bad weather.
2. Sue’s eyes were red BECAUSE she had been crying.
3. My mother is always complaining BECAUSE OF the untidiness of my room.
4. The water in most river is unsafe to drink BECAUSE it’s polluted.
5. The trees were bend over BECAUSE OF the wind.
6. You can’t enter this secure areas BECAUSE you don’t have an official permit.
7. It’s unsafe to travel in that country BECAUSE OF the ongoing civil war.
8. Several people in the crowd became ill and fainted BECAUSE OF the extreme heat.
9. Mark didn’t go to work yesterday BECAUSE he didn’t feel well.
10. We couldn’t get into the disco BECAUSE OF the enormous crowd.
Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with because/ because of.
1. I went home early BECAUSE I was feeling unwell.
2. We decided not to go out for a meal BECAUSE we were simply too tired.
3. I couldn’t get to sleep BECAUSE OF the noise.
4. He only accepted the job BECAUSE OF the salary, which was very high.
5. Sarah can’t climb up the tree BECAUSE OF her fear of heights.
6. BECAUSE OF his age, John was not hired ALTHOUGH he had the necessary qualifications.
7. Mary came to class late BECAUSE her motorbike had a puncture.
8. Sandy didn’t go to school yesterday BECAUSE she was sick.
9. She went to bed early BECAUSE OF her tiredness.
10. I couldn’t do the test BECAUSE it was too difficult.
Exercise 5: Rewrite the sentences, using because/because of
1. He didn’t come because of his sickness.

BECAUSE HE WAS SICK, He didn’t come
2. The train was late because the fog was thick.

BECAUSE OF THE THICK FOG, The train was late
3. The plane couldn’t take off because of the bad weather.

BECAUSE THE WEATHER WAS BAD, The plane couldn’t take off
4. He left the school because his family was poor.

BECAUSE OF HIS FAMILY'S POVERTY,The plane couldn’t take off
5. We couldn’t study because of the noise.

BECAUSE IT WAS TOO NOISE, We couldn’t study
6. I didn’t go swimming because it was cold.

BECAUSE OF THE COLD, I didn’t go swimming
7. These students arrive late because of the bad traffic.

BECAUSE THE TRAFFIC WAS BAD, These students arrive late
8. Mary can’t sleep because she has drunk a cup of strong coffee.

BECAUSE OF DRINKING A CUP OF STRONG COFFEE, MARY CAN'T SLEEP
9. Because of getting up early, he wasn’t late for the first train.

BECAUSE HE GOT UP EARLY, he wasn’t late for the first train.

1. Although Nam is not an intelligent student, he can learn very fast.
=> Despite / In spite of ________________not being an intelligent student, he can learn very fast______________________.

2. Because Hoa was rich, she could buy that house.
=> Because of ______________Hoa’s richness, she could buy that house_______________.

3. Because the rain was so heavy, I couldn't go to school.
=> Because of ________________the heavy rain, I couldn't go to school_________________.

4. His father asked him to go stay at home because he was sick.
=> Because of ___________________his sickness his father asked him to go stay at home___________________.

5. Because there was an accident, I was late.
=> Because of __________an accident, I was late_____________.

6. She failed the University entrance exam because her grades were bad.
=> Because of ____________________her bad grades_________________________.

7. Although he has a physical handicap, he has become a successful business man.
=> Despite ______________________________his physical handicap, he has become a successful business man__________________________.

8. Because of the cheap price, my wife insists on buying the Tivi.
=> Because _____________________the price is cheap, my wife insists on buying the Tivi_____________________.

9. Although it was raining heavily, we still went to school.
=> Despite / In spite of __________the heavy rain, we still went to school__________.

10. Because I studied hard, I passed the exam.
=> Because of ____________studying hard , I passed the exam____________.

1. Although Nam is not an intelligent student, he can learn very fast.
=> Despite / In spite of ___________________Nam not being an intelligent student, he can learn very fast___________________.

2. Because Hoa was rich, she could buy that house.
=> Because of _______________Hoa's richness, she could buy that house______________.

3. Because the rain was so heavy, I couldn't go to school.
=> Because of ________________the heavy rain, I couldn't go to school_________________.

4. His father asked him to go stay at home because he was sick.
=> Because of __________________his sickness, his father asked him to go stay at home____________________.

5. Because there was an accident, I was late.
=> Because of ___________an accident, I was late____________.

6. She failed the University entrance exam because her grades were bad.
=> Because of ______________________her bad grades, she failed the University entrance exam_______________________.

7. Although he has a physical handicap, he has become a successful business man.
=> Despite ___________________________his physical handicap, he has become a successful businessman_____________________________.

8. Because of the cheap price, my wife insists on buying the Tivi.
=> Because _____________________the TV is cheap, my wife insists on buying it_____________________.

9. Although it was raining heavily, we still went to school.
=> Despite / In spite of __________the heavy rain, we still went to school__________.

10. Because I studied hard, I passed the exam.
=> Because of ____________​studying hard, I passed the exam____________.

Sentence ←→ Noun Phrase:

1) In spite of being so lazy, he passed the exam.

--> Although he is so lazy, he passed the exam.

2) Despite being rich, he doesn't buy anything.

--> Though he is rich, he doesn't buy anything.

3) Inspite of her beauty, she is very lazy.

--> Even though she is beautiful, she is very lazy.

4) Despite the cloudy weather, they wanted to go for a walk.

--> They wanted to go for a walk although the weather was cloudy

5) Nam can finish his homework in spite of the difficult exercises.

--> Although the exercises are difficult , Nam can finish his homework

6) In spite of the bad weather, they wanted to go out.

--> Although the weather was bad, they wanted to go out.

7) Despite the heavy rain, the weather wasn't cold.

--> The weather wasn't cold although it rained heavily

8) Although she is ill, she goes to school every morning.

--> Despite being ill, she goes to school every morning.

9) The exercise was difficult but he could find the answer.

--> Athough The exercise was difficult he could find the answer.

10) I'm seriously sick, so i don't want to go out.

--> BecauseI'm seriously sick, i don't want to go out.

11) Because of the polluted water, we can't swim in the water.

--> Because the water is polluted , we can't swim in the water.

12) As a fast runner, he won the prize.

--> Because he ran fast, he won the prize.

13) Because of the heavy rain, we didn't go out for a walk.

--> Because it rained heavily, we didn't go out for a walk.

Sentence ←→ Noun Phrase:

1) In spite of being so lazy, he passed the exam.

--> Although he was so lazy,he passed the exam.

2) Despite being rich, he doesn't buy anything.

--> Though he is rich,he doesn't buy anything.

3) Inspite of her beauty, she is very lazy.

--> Even though she is beautiful,she is very lazy.

4) Despite the cloudy weather, they wanted to go for a walk.

--> They wanted to go for a walk although the weather is cloudy

5) Nam can finish his homework in spite of the difficult exercises.

--> Although the exercises are difficult,Nam can finish his homework.

6) In spite of the bad weather, they wanted to go out.

--> Although the weather was bad,they wanted to go out.

7) Despite the heavy rain, the weather wasn't cold.

--> The weather wasn't cold although it rained heavily.

8) Although she is ill, she goes to school every morning.

--> Despite her illness,she goes to school every morning.

9) The exercise was difficult but he could find the answer.

--> Athough the exercise was difficult,he could find the answer.

10) I'm seriously sick, so i don't want to go out.

--> Because I'm seriously sick,I don't want to go out.

11) Because of the polluted water, we can't swim in the water.

--> Because the water is polluted,we can't swim in the water.

12) As a fast runner, he won the prize.

--> Because he ran so fast,he won the prize.

13) Because of the heavy rain, we didn't go out for a walk.

--> Because it rained heavily,we didn't go out for a walk

Sentence ←→ Noun Phrase:

1) In spite of being so lazy, he passed the exam.

--> Although he is so lazy , he passed the exam.

2) Despite being rich, he doesn't buy anything.

--> Though he is rich , he doesn't buy anything.

3) In spite of her beauty, she is very lazy.

--> Even though she is beautiful , she is very lazy.

4) Despite the cloudy weather, they wanted to go for a walk.

--> They wanted to go for a walk although the weather is cloudy

5) Nam can finish his homework in spite of the difficult exercises.

--> Although the exercises are difficult , Nam can finish his homework

6) In spite of the bad weather, they wanted to go out.

--> Although the weather was bad, they wanted to go out.

7) Despite the heavy rain, the weather wasn't cold.

--> The weather wasn't cold although the rain is heavy

8) Although she is ill, she goes to school every morning.

--> Despite her illness , she goes to school every morning.

9) The exercise was difficult but he could find the answer.

--> Athough the exercise was difficult , he could find the answer.

10) I'm seriously sick, so i don't want to go out.

--> Because I'm seriously sick , i don't want to go out.

11) Because of the polluted water, we can't swim in the water.

--> Because the water is polluted , we can't swim in the water.

12) As a fast runner, he won the prize.

--> Because he runs fast , he won the prize.

13) Because of the heavy rain, we didn't go out for a walk.

--> Because the rain is heavy , we didn't go out for a walk.

#Yumi

1. he couldn' t go to school because he was very poor

=> because of being very poor,he couldn' t go to school

2. i can 't buy this bike because i don't have enough money 

=> because of not having enough money, I can 't buy this bike

3. he broke the wase because he was careless

=> because of being careless,he broke the wase

4. we can't go for a walk because it rains heavily

=> because of raining heavily,  we can't go for a walk

5. he left school because his life was hard

=> because of being hard, he left school

6. i went to bed early because i felt tired

=>because of feeling tired,  i went to bed early

7. she was very happy because she was given a new bike

=> because of being given a new bike, she was very happy

8. he failed the exam because he didn't  learn the lessons carefully

=> because of not learning the lessons carefully, he failed the exam

D

d

D

Ex1: Choose the correct answers.

1. He got wet ……………….. he forgot his umbrella.

A. because of B. because C. but D. and

2. He stops working ……………….. heavy raining.

A. in spite of C. despite

B. although D. because of

3. They have a lot of difficulties in their life ……………….. their poverty.

A. in spite of C. because

B. although D. because of

4. Jill and Jolly were happy ……………….. it was their both birthday party that day.

A. because B. even though C. spite of D. Despite

5. Nobody could hear her ……………….. he spoke too quietly.

A. although C. because of

B. because D. in spite of

6. We decided to leave early ……………….. the party was boring.

A. although C. because

B. despite D. because of

7. We all feel sad ……………….. the bad news

A. because B. because of C. though D. despite

8. John lost his job ……………….. his laziness.

A. because of B. because C. in spite of D. though

9. We can't go to Julia's party ……………….. we're going away that weekend.

A. because C. although

B. because of D. in spite of

10. Nam was absent from class yesterday ……………….. he felt sick.

A. so B. because C. although D. but

Ex2: Choose the correct answers.

1. The boy can’t reach the shelf ……………….. he’s not tall enough.

A. because B. although C. even though D. and

2. She couldn’t unlock it ……………….. she had the wrong key.

A. while B. but C. though D. because

3. Nam failed the final exam ……………….. he was lazy.

A. while B. though C. because D. but

4. We watched TV the whole evening ……………….. we had nothing better to do.

A. because B. though C. so D. but

5. We didn’t go for a walk ……………….. it was very cold.

A. though B. because C. but D. so

6. They decided not to go out for a meal ……………….. they were too tired.

A. so B. because C. but D. if

7. I’m learning English ……………….. I want to get a better job.

A. or B. because C. therefore D. but

8. Last night we came to the show late ……………….. the traffic was terrible.

A. although B. despite C. and D. because

9. Lan couldn’t pass the exam ……………….. she is too lazy.

A. because C. although

B. because of D. in spite of

10. ……………….. his broken leg, he didn’t come to class yesterday.

A. Because B. Because of C. Despite D. So

1. She can not work hard because she is very old

because of being very old, She cannot work hard

2. He likes her because she is very beautiful

because of her beauty, he likes her

3. He couldn't go to school because he was very poor

because of being very poor, He couldn't go to school

4. I can't buy this bike because I don't have enough money

because of not having enough money, I can't buy this bike

5. He broke the vase because he was careless

because of being careless, He broke the vase

6. He failed the exam because he didn't learn the lessons carefully

because of not learning the lessons carefully, he failed the exam

7. We can't go for a walk because it rains heavily

because of heavy rain, We can't go for a walk

8. He left school because his life was hard

because of the hard life, he left school

9. She was very happy because she was given a new bike

because of being given a new bike, she was very happy

10. I went to bad early because I felt tired

because of feeling tired, I went to bed early

1 These reports have to be written today by him

2 Because of his laziness, Tom failed the exam

3 Even though she was sick, she tried to go to work

4 Do you know the girl who has just gone out?

1. These reports have to be written today.

2. Because of being lazy, Tom failed the exam.

3. Even though he was sick, she tried to go to work.

4. Do you know the girl who has just gone out.?

1. These reports have to be written (by him) today.

2. Because of Tom's laziness, he failed the exam.

3. Even though she was sick, she tried to go to work.

4. Do you know the girl who has just gone out?

1. She didn’t go to the circus with Betty because she had a bad cold.   
Because of……………………having a bad cold, she didn’t go to the circus with Betty …………………………………………………………………………… 

2. John succeeded in his exam because he worked hard.      
Because of……………having worked hard, John succeeded in his exam ……………………………… 

Using " because of"

1. she can't work hard because she is very old.

............................she can't work hard because of being very old.....................................................

2. He likes her because she is very beautiful.

.....................He likes her because of her beauty...................................................

3. He couldn't go to school because he was very poor.

......................................He couldn't go to school because of being very poor........................................

4. I can't buy this bike because I don't have enough money.

.......................I can't buy this bike because of not having enough money........................................................

5. He broke the vase because he was careless.

...................He broke the vase because of being careless..........................................................

6. He failed the exam because he didn't learn the lesson carefully.

.................He failed the exam because of learning the lesson carelessly...............................................................

7. We can't go for a walk because it rains heavily.

................................We can't go for a walk because of the heavy rain............................................

8. He left school because his life was hard.

......................He left school because of his hard life .....................................................

9. She was very happy because she was given a new bike.

.................................She was very happy because of being given a new bike............................................

10. I went to bed early because I felt tired.

.....................I went to bed early because of feeling tired..................................................