ĐỀ thi hsg toán 9 hải phòng năm 2016-2017

Ta có:\(\sqrt{a\left(1-b\right)\left(1-c\right)}=\sqrt{a\left(1-b-c+ab\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{a\left(a+2\sqrt{abc}+bc\right)}=\sqrt{a\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{bc}\right)^2}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(a+\sqrt{abc}\right)^2}=a+\sqrt{abc}\)

Tương tự ta CM dc:

\(\sqrt{b\left(1-c\right)\left(1-a\right)}=b+\sqrt{abc};\sqrt{c\left(1-a\right)\left(1-b\right)}=c+\sqrt{abc}\)

\(\Rightarrow P=a+\sqrt{abc}+b+\sqrt{abc}+c+\sqrt{abc}-\sqrt{abc}+2016\)

\(P=a+b+c+2\sqrt{abc}+2016\)

\(P=1+2016=2017\)

\(Q=\sum\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\sqrt{2\left(b+c\right)^2+bc}}\ge\sum\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\sqrt{2\left(b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\left(b+c\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\sum\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{b+c}\)

\(Q\ge\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)^2}{a+b+b+c+c+a}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{4}{3}\)

Ta có: \(a+b+c+\sqrt{abc}=4\)

\(\Rightarrow4a+4b+4c+4\sqrt{abc}=16\)

\(\Rightarrow4a+4\sqrt{abc}=16-4b-4c\)

\(\sqrt{a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)}=\sqrt{a\left(16-4b-4c+bc\right)}=\sqrt{a\left(4a+4\sqrt{abc}+bc\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{4a^2+4a\sqrt{abc}+abc}=\sqrt{\left(2a+\sqrt{abc}\right)^2}=\left|2a+\sqrt{abc}\right|=2a+\sqrt{abc}\)

Tương tự: 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{b\left(4-a\right)\left(4-c\right)}=2b+\sqrt{abc}\\\sqrt{c\left(4-a\right)\left(4-b\right)}=2c+\sqrt{abc}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\sqrt{a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)}+\sqrt{b\left(4-c\right)\left(4-a\right)}+\sqrt{c\left(4-a\right)\left(4-b\right)}-\sqrt{abc}=2a+2b+2c+3\sqrt{abc}-\sqrt{abc}=2\left(a+b+c+\sqrt{abc}\right)=8\)

Ta có \(\sqrt{a\left(4-b\right)\left(4-c\right)}=\sqrt{a\left(a+c+\sqrt{abc}\right)\left(4-c\right)}\)

\(=\sqrt{\left(a^2+ac+a\sqrt{abc}\right)\left(4-c\right)}\\ =\sqrt{4a^2+ac\left(4-\sqrt{abc}-a-c\right)+4a\sqrt{abc}}\\ =\sqrt{4a^2+4a\sqrt{abc}+abc}=\sqrt{\left(2a+\sqrt{abc}\right)^2}\\ =2a+\sqrt{abc}\left(a,b,c>0\right)\)

Cmtt \(\sqrt{b\left(4-c\right)\left(4-a\right)}=2b+\sqrt{abc};\sqrt{c\left(4-b\right)\left(4-a\right)}=2c+\sqrt{abc}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=2\left(a+b+c\right)+3\sqrt{abc}-\sqrt{abc}=2\left(a+b+c\right)+2\sqrt{abc}\\ A=2\left(a+b+c+\sqrt{abc}\right)=2\cdot4=8\)

ques này nhiều ng` hỏi r` thay ab+bc+ca=1 vào rồi phân tích rút gọn

Do ab + bc + ca = 1 nên ta có : 

\(a\sqrt{\frac{\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{a^2+1}}=a\sqrt{\frac{\left(b^2+ab+ac+bc\right)\left(c^2+ab+ac+bc\right)}{a^2+ab+ac+bc}}\)

\(=a\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}=a\sqrt{\left(b+c\right)^2}=a\left(b+c\right)=ab+ac\text{ }\left(1\right)\)

Tương tự : \(b\sqrt{\frac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{b^2+1}}=ab+bc\)  (2)và \(c\sqrt{\frac{\left(b^2+1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)}{c^2+1}}=bc+ac\) (3)

Cộng vế với vế của (1) ; (2) ; (3) lại ta được :

\(a\sqrt{\frac{\left(b^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{a^2+1}}+b\sqrt{\frac{\left(a^2+1\right)\left(c^2+1\right)}{b^2+1}}+c\sqrt{\frac{\left(b^2+1\right)\left(a^2+1\right)}{c^2+1}}=2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=2\)

khó thế bạn