\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1=n_{Zn}\\ n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{14,6-6,5}{81}=0,1mol\\ C\%=\dfrac{0,2\cdot136}{175,6+14,6-0,2}=14,32\%\)

a) 

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl₂ + H₂

            0,2-->0,4----->0,2--->0,2

=> V_H2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)

b) m_HCl = 0,4.36,5 = 14,6 (g)

=> \(m_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{7,3}=200\left(g\right)\)

c)

m_{dd sau pư} = 13 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 212,6 (g)

m_ZnCl2 = 0,2.136 = 27,2 (g)

=> \(C\%=\dfrac{27,2}{212,6}.100\%=12,8\%\)

Ta có: \(n_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{12,6}{126}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

a. PTHH: Na₂SO₃ + 2HCl ---> 2NaCl + SO₂ + H₂O

Theo PT: \(n_{SO_2}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{SO_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(lít\right)\)

b. Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2.n_{SO_2}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)

=> \(C_{\%_{HCl}}=\dfrac{7,3}{150}.100\%=4,87\%\)

c. Ta có: \(m_{dd_{NaCl}}=n_{Na_2SO_{3_{PỨ}}}=50\left(g\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{NaCl}=n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\)

=> \(C_{\%_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{11,7}{50}.100\%=23,4\%\)

Câu 3 : 

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10\cdot21.9\%}{36.5}=0.06\left(mol\right)\)

\(AO+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2O\)

\(0.03........0.06\)

\(M=\dfrac{2.4}{0.03}=80\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow A=64\)

\(CuO\)

Câu 2 : 

$n_{CuO} = \dfrac{1,6}{80} = 0,02(mol)$
$n_{H_2SO_4} = \dfrac{100.20\%}{98} = \dfrac{10}{49}$

$CuO + H_2SO_4 \to CuSO_4 + H_2O$

$n_{CuO} < n_{H_2SO_4}$ nên $H_2SO_4 dư

Theo PTHH :
$n_{CuSO_4} = n_{H_2SO_4\ pư} = n_{CuO} = 0,02(mol)$
$m_{dd} = 1,6 + 100 = 101,6(gam)$

Vậy :

$C\%_{CuSO_4} = \dfrac{0,02.160}{101,6}.100\% = 3,15\%$

$C\%_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = \dfrac{100.20\% - 0,02.98}{101,6}.100\% = 17,6\%$

CÂU 2

m_H2SO4=100.20%=20(g)

n_H2SO4=20/98=0,2(mol)

n_CuO=1,6/80=0,02(mol)

PTHH : CuO+H₂SO₄-->CuSO₄+H₂O(1)

bài        0,02    0,2         0,02       0,02             (mol)

có:0,02/1<0,2/1---->CuO hết,H₂SO₄ dư

từ pt(1)-->n_CuSO4=0,02(mol)--->m_CuSO4=0,02.160=3,2(g)

khối lượng dd sau pư là:1,6+100-0,02.18=101,24(g)

-->C_%(CuSO4)=3,2/101,24.100%=3,16%

CÂU 3

m_HCl=10.21,9%=2,19(g)

-->n_HCl=2,19/36,5=0,06(mol)

gọi tên KL là M.M_M=M(g/mol)

PTHH: MO+2HCl-->MCl₂+H₂O(1)

          0,03     0,06                       (mol)

từ pt 1-->n_MO=0,03(mol)

--->M_MO=2,4/0,03=80(g/mol)

--->M=80-16=64(g/mol)

--->M là Cu

a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

c, \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=0,2.136=27,2\left(g\right)\)

d, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{7,3\%}=200\left(g\right)\)

⇒ m _{dd sau pư} = 13 + 200 - 0,2.2 = 212,6 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{27,2}{212,6}.100\%\approx12,79\%\)

a, \(m_{HCl}=150.7,3\%=10,95\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Mg}=n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{Mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)

b, \(V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

c, Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 3,6 + 150 - 0,15.2 = 153,3 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,15.95}{153,3}.100\%\approx9,3\%\)

a)Khối lượng HCl là:

\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{ddHCl}.C_{\%}}{100\%}=\dfrac{150.7,3\%}{100\%}=10,95\left(g\right)\)

Số mol của HCl là:

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{HCl}}{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:Mg+2HCl\xrightarrow[]{}MgCl_2+H_2\)

tỉ lệ       :1         2            1              1    (mol) 

số mol :0,15     0,3         0,15         0,15

Khối lượng Magie đã phản ứng là:

\(m_{Mg}=n_{Mg}.M_{mg}=0,15.24=3,6\left(g\right)\)

b) Thể tích khí H₂ đã thoát ra là:

\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)

c) Khối lượng của chất sau phản ứng là:

\(m_{MgCl_2}=n_{MgCl_2}.M_{MgCl_2}=0,15.95=14,25\left(g\right)\)

Khối lượng khí hiđro thoát ra sau phản ứng là:

\(m_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.M_{H_2}=0,15.2=0.3\left(g\right)\)

Khối lượng dung dịch sau phản ứng là:

\(m_{ddMgCl_2}=m_{Mg}+m_{HCl}-m_{H_2}=150+3,6-0,3=153,3\left(g\right)\)

Nồng độ dung dịch thu được sau phản ứng là:

\(C_{\%MgCl_2}=\dfrac{m_{MgCl_2}}{m_{ddMgCl_2}}.100\%=\dfrac{13,8}{153,3}.100\%=9.3\%\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

pt : \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2|\)

        1         2             1           1

       0,2     0,4           0,2         0,2

a) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.2}{1}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{14,6}=100\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,4.1}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

b) \(n_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{FeCl2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=11,2+100-\left(0,2.2\right)=110,8\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{FeCl2}=\dfrac{25,4.100}{110,8}=22,92\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

a, \(m_{HCl}=150.14,6\%=21,9\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,3.65=19,5\left(g\right)\)

b, \(V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

c, Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 19,5 + 150 - 0,3.2 = 168,9 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,3.136}{168,9}.100\%\approx24,16\%\)