\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1mol\)

a)\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

    0,1                    0,1         0,1

   \(m_{Fe}=0,1\cdot56=5,6\left(g\right)\)

b)\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{12}\cdot100\%=46,67\%\)   \(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100\%-46,67\%=53,33\%\)

c)\(n_{NaOH}=0,1\cdot1=0,1mol\)

   \(2NaOH+FeCl_2\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)

    0,1             0,1            0,1

   \(m_{Fe\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\cdot90=9\left(g\right)\)

a, PTHH: 2Na + 2H₂O ---> 2NaOH + H₂ (1)

b,c, \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{9,2}{23}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo pthh (1): \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\m_{NaOH}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

d, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O (2)

LTL: \(0,2=0,2\rightarrow\) phản ứng đủ

Theo pthh (2): 

\(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,2.64=12,8\left(g\right)\)

na+2h20->2naoh+h2

n_h2=4.48/22.4=0.2mol

->n_Na=0.2mol

bt e

2n_Mg+3nAl=2*0.275

bt kl

24n_Mg+27n_Al=6.15

->nMg=0.2mol

nAl=0.05mol

->kl tung cai roi tinh phan tram

a. PTHH:

2Al + 3H₂SO₄ ---> Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

Cu + H₂SO₄ ---x--->

b. Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)

=> \(m_{Cu}=10-5,4=4,6\left(g\right)\)

c. \(\%_{m_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{10}.100\%=54\%\)

\(\%_{m_{Cu}}=100\%-54\%=46\%\)

d. Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3.98=29,4\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(C_{\%_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{29,4}{m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}}.100\%=20\%\)

=> \(m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=147\left(g\right)\)

- Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow27a+24b=10,2\left(1\right)\)

Khí thu được sau p/ứ là khí H₂: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

2                                         3       (mol)

a                                        3/2 a   (mol)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

1                                        1   (mol)

b                                         b   (mol)

Từ hai PTHH trên ta có: \(\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,5\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right)\) ta có hệ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=10,2\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải ra ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) \(\%Al=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{m_{hh}}.100\%=\dfrac{0,2.27}{10,2}.100\%\approx52,94\%\)

\(\%Mg=100\%-\%Al=100\%-52,94=47,06\%\)

b)

 \(3H_2+Fe_2O_3\rightarrow^{t^0}2Fe+3H_2O\)

3               1              2  (mol)

0,5            1/6         1/3  (mol)

\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{3}.56=\dfrac{56}{3}\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(pứ\right)}=\dfrac{1}{6}.160=\dfrac{80}{3}\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=60-m_{Fe}=60-\dfrac{56}{3}=\dfrac{124}{3}\left(g\right)\)

\(a=\dfrac{124}{3}+\dfrac{80}{3}=68\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{NaOH}=200.10\%=20\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{40}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂

Mol:     0,5                           0,5             0,5

\(m_{Na}=0,5.23=11,5\left(g\right)\)

\(V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

làm gì có a g đ

a) \(n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{16,2}{81}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:ZnO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Zn+H_2O\\ \left(mol\right)...0,2\rightarrow...0,2......0,2..0,2\)

b) \(m_{Zn}=0,2.65=13\left(g\right)\)

c) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{9,6}{32}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(PTHH:2Zn+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2ZnO\)

Ban đầu: 0,2.......0,3

Phản ứng: 0,2.....0,1......0,2

Dư:......................0,2

Lập tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\left(0,1< 0,3\right)\)

\(m_{ZnO}=0,2.81=16,2\left(g\right)\)

Bạn tham khảo link này nhé!

Giải Sách Bài Tập Hóa Học 8 - Bài 38: Luyện tập Chương 5 (sachgiaibaitap.com)