\(M^2=\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{z^2}{x}+\frac{2xy}{\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{2yz}{\sqrt{zx}}+\frac{2xz}{\sqrt{yz}}=\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{z^2}{x}+\frac{2x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}+\frac{2y\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y}}\)

Áp dụng bđt Cô-si: \(\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}+\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}+z\ge4\sqrt[4]{\frac{x^2}{y}.\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}.\frac{x\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{z}}.z}=4x\)

tương tự \(\frac{y^2}{z}+\frac{y\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{y\sqrt{z}}{\sqrt{x}}+x\ge4y\);\(\frac{z^2}{x}+\frac{z\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y}}+\frac{z\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{y}}+y\ge4z\)

=>\(M^2+x+y+z\ge4\left(x+y+z\right)\Rightarrow M^2\ge3\left(x+y+z\right)\ge3.12=36\Rightarrow M\ge6\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z=4

Vậy minM=6 khi x=y=z=4

b1: Áp dụng bđt Cauchy Schwarz dạng Engel ta được:

\(P=\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{x+z}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{y+z+x+z+y+y}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}=\frac{2}{2}=1\)

=>minP=1 <=> x=y=z=2/3

Ta có: \(x+y+z=xyz\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{x+y+z}{yz}\Leftrightarrow x^2=\frac{x^2+xy+xz}{yz}\Leftrightarrow x^2+1=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2+1}}=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\)

Tương tự, ta được: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{y^2+1}}=\sqrt{\frac{zx}{\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\); \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{z^2+1}}=\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)

Cộng theo từng vế ba đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(P=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)\(\le\frac{\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{z}{z+x}+\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{z}{y+z}+\frac{x}{z+x}+\frac{y}{y+z}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)(BĐT Cô-si)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = \(\sqrt{3}\)

Ta có: \(x+y+z=xyz\Rightarrow x=\frac{x+y+z}{yz}\Rightarrow x^2=\frac{x^2+xy+xz}{yz}\Rightarrow x^2+1=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}\)\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+1}=\sqrt{\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}}\le\frac{\frac{x+y}{y}+\frac{x+z}{z}}{2}=1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}\le\frac{2+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}{x}=\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)

Tương tự: \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}\le\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\); \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)

Cộng theo vế ba bất đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\frac{1+\sqrt{1+x^2}}{x}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+y^2}}{y}+\frac{1+\sqrt{1+z^2}}{z}\le3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=3.\frac{xy+yz+zx}{xyz}\)\(\le3.\frac{\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}{xyz}=\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{xyz}=\frac{\left(xyz\right)^2}{xyz}=xyz\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)

\(\left(1.x+9.\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\le\left(1^2+9^2\right)\left(x^2+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+\frac{1}{y^2}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{82}}\left(x+\frac{9}{y}\right)\)

\(TT:\sqrt{y^2+\frac{1}{z^2}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{82}}\left(x+\frac{9}{z}\right);\sqrt{z^2+\frac{1}{x^2}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{82}}\left(z+\frac{9}{x}\right)\)

\(S\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{82}}\left(x+y+z+\frac{9}{x}+\frac{9}{y}+\frac{9}{z}\right)\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{82}}\left(x+y+z+\frac{81}{x+y+z}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{82}}\left[\left(x+y+z+\frac{1}{x+y+z}\right)+\frac{80}{x+y+z}\right]\ge\sqrt{82}\)

Theo giả thiết xy + yz + zx = 1 nên ta có: \(VT=\frac{1}{1+x^2}+\frac{1}{1+y^2}+\frac{1}{1+z^2}=\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+x^2}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+y^2}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+z^2}=\frac{1}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)Theo bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)^2\le\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{1+x^2}+\frac{y}{1+y^2}+\frac{z}{1+z^2}\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{z}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\right)=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{3}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)^3\le\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)\)Ta cần chứng minh: \(\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\left(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\right)\)

hay \(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\le\frac{3}{2}\)

Bất đẳng thức cuối đúng theo AM - GM do: \(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}.\frac{x}{x+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}.\frac{y}{x+y}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}.\frac{z}{z+y}}\le\frac{\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{y}{x+y}\right)+\left(\frac{z}{z+x}+\frac{z}{z+y}\right)}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)