ĐK: \(4x^2+5x+1\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(4x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\ge0\)

<=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x\le-1\\x\ge\frac{-1}{4}\end{cases}}\)

PT trên tương đương: \(\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}-\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}=9x-3\)

Đặt \(a=\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}\ge0;b=\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}>0\) ta có hệ PT:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=9x-3\\a^2-b^2=9x-3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a-b=a^2-b^2\)

<=>a-b=(a-b)(a+b)

<=>(a-b)(1-a-b)=0

<=>a=b hoặc 1-a-b=0

*Khi a=b  thì: \(\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}=\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}\Leftrightarrow9x-3=0\)

<=>x=1/3(nhận)

*Khi 1-a-b=0 =>a+b=1 

=>\(\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}+\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}=1\)(vô lí vì: \(\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}+\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}\ge\sqrt{3}>1\))

Vậy tập nghiệm của PT là: S={1/3}

kho nhi

bài này liên hợp 

pt<=> \(\frac{4x^2+5x+1-4\left(x^2-x+1\right)}{\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}+2\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}-\left(9x-3\right)=0\)   ĐKXĐ : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge-\frac{1}{4}\\x\le-1\end{cases}}\)

<=> \(\frac{9x-3}{\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}+2\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}-\left(9x-3\right)=0\)

<=> \(\left(9x-3\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}+2\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}-1\right)=0\) 

<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{3}\\\frac{1}{\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}+2\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}-1=0\end{cases}}\)

mà cái pt dưới vô nghiệm nên x=1/3

vậy x=\(\frac{1}{3}\)

a: \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{x-2}-\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot3\sqrt{x-2}+6\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2}}{9}=-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=4\)

=>x-2=16

hay x=18

b: \(\Leftrightarrow\left|3x+2\right|=4x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+2=4x\left(x>=-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\\3x+2=-4x\left(x< -\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(nhận\right)\\x=-\dfrac{2}{7}\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c: \(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x-2}-2\sqrt{x-2}+3\sqrt{x-2}=40\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4\sqrt{x-2}=40\)

=>x-2=100

hay x=102

d: =>5x-6=9

hay x=3

\(a,\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{x-2}-\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt{9x-18}+6\sqrt{\dfrac{x-2}{81}}=-4\left(dk:x\ge2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{x-2}-2\sqrt{x-2}+\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt{x-2}=-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-2=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=18\left(tmdk\right)\)

b,\(\sqrt{9x^2-12x+4=3x\left(dk:x\ge0\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(3x-2\right)^2}=3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left|3x-2\right|=3x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-2=3x\\3x-2=-3x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\in\varnothing\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(tmdk\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Các câu còn lại làm tương tự nhé 

\(\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{x-2}-\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt{9x-18}+6\sqrt{\dfrac{x-2}{81}}=-4\) (đk: x≥2)

\(\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{x-2}-\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt{9\left(x-2\right)}+6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{81}\left(x-2\right)}=-4\)

\(\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{x-2}-2\sqrt{x-2}+\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt{x-2}=-4\)

\(\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{x-2}-\dfrac{4}{3}\sqrt{x-2}=-4\)

\(-\sqrt{x-2}=-4\)

\(\sqrt{x-2}=4\)

\(\left|x-2\right|=16\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=16\\x-2=-16\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=18\left(TM\right)\\x=-14\left(L\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(\sqrt{x+2}-\sqrt{x-1}\right)\left(\sqrt{2-x}+1\right)-1=0\) (ĐKXĐ : \(1\le x\le2\) )

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2-x\right)\left(2+x\right)}+\sqrt{x+2}-\sqrt{\left(2-x\right)\left(x-1\right)}-\sqrt{x-1}-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2-x\right)\left(2+x\right)}-\left(2-\sqrt{x+2}\right)-\sqrt{\left(2-x\right)\left(x-1\right)}+\left(1-\sqrt{x-1}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2-x\right)\left(2+x\right)}-\frac{2-x}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}-\sqrt{\left(2-x\right)\left(x-1\right)}+\frac{2-x}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2-x}\left(\sqrt{x+2}-\frac{\sqrt{2-x}}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}-\sqrt{x-1}+\frac{\sqrt{2-x}}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}\sqrt{x-2}=0\\\sqrt{x+2}-\frac{\sqrt{2-x}}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}-\sqrt{x-1}+\frac{\sqrt{2-x}}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}=0\end{array}\right.\)

Với \(\sqrt{x-2}=0\) => x = 2 (TMĐK)

Với \(\sqrt{x+2}-\frac{\sqrt{2-x}}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}-\sqrt{x-1}+\frac{\sqrt{2-x}}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}=0\) , từ điều kiện \(1\le x\le2\) ta luôn có : \(\sqrt{x+2}-\frac{\sqrt{2-x}}{\sqrt{x+2}+2}-\sqrt{x-1}+\frac{\sqrt{2-x}}{\sqrt{x-1}+1}>0\)

Vậy phương trình có nghiệm : x = 2

\(\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}-\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}=9x-3\)(ĐKXĐ : \(x\le-1\)hoặc \(x\ge-\frac{1}{4}\))

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}-2\sqrt{7}x\right)-\left(\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}-2\sqrt{7}x\right)-\left(9x-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(4x^2+5x+1\right)-28x^2}{\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}+2\sqrt{7}x}-\frac{\left(4x^2-4x+4\right)-28x^2}{\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}+2\sqrt{7}x}-3\left(3x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-24x^2+5x+1}{\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}+2\sqrt{7}x}+\frac{24x^2+4x-4}{\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}+2\sqrt{7}x}-3\left(3x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-\left(3x-1\right)\left(8x+1\right)}{\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}+2\sqrt{7}x}+\frac{4\left(3x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)}{\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}+2\sqrt{7}x}-3\left(3x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-1\right)\left(\frac{8x+4}{\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}+2\sqrt{7}x}-\frac{8x+1}{\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}+2\sqrt{7}x}-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}3x-1=0\\\frac{8x+4}{\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}+2\sqrt{7}x}-\frac{8x+1}{\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}+2\sqrt{7}x}-3=0\end{array}\right.\)

Với 3x - 1 = 0 => x = \(\frac{1}{3}\) (TMĐK)

Với \(\frac{8x+4}{\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}+2\sqrt{7}x}-\frac{8x+1}{\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}+2\sqrt{7}x}-3=0\) , Từ điều kiện \(\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x\le-1\\x\ge-\frac{1}{4}\end{array}\right.\) ta luôn có : \(\frac{8x+4}{\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}+2\sqrt{7}x}-\frac{8x+1}{\sqrt{4x^2+5x+1}+2\sqrt{7}x}-3>0\)

Vậy phương trình có nghiệm : \(x=\frac{1}{3}\)