\(n_{Pb}=\dfrac{2,07}{207}=0,01mol\)

\(n_{Cu}=\dfrac{1,6}{64}=0,025mol\)

\(PbO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Pb+H_2O\)

0,01    0,01            0,01            ( mol )

\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)

0,025  0,025        0,025            ( mol )

\(m_{hh}=m_{PbO}+m_{CuO}=\left(0,01.223\right)+\left(0,025.80\right)=4,23g\)

\(V_{H_2}=\left(0,01+0,025\right).22,4=0,784l\)

\(n_{Pb}=\dfrac{2,07}{207}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Cu}=\dfrac{1,6}{64}=0,025\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:PbO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Pb+H_2O\\ Mol:0,01\leftarrow0,01\leftarrow0,01\\ CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\ Mol:0,025\leftarrow0,025\leftarrow0,025\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,025.80=2\left(g\right)\\m_{PbO}=0,01.223=2,23\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow m_{oxit}=2+2,23=4,23\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2}=\left(0,01+0,025\right).22,4=0,784\left(l\right)\)

\(Đặt:n_{CuO}=a\left(mol\right);n_{PbO}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1,35}{18}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\ CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}Cu+H_2O\\ PbO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{to}}Pb+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80a+223b=8,145\\a+b=0,075\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,06\\b=0,015\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,06.80}{8,145}.100\approx58,932\%\\ \Rightarrow\%_{PbO}\approx41,068\%\)

Bài 1:

a) PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+2H_2O\)

                \(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=20\cdot80\%=16\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=20-16=4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}+n_{CuO}=0,35\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,35\cdot22,4=7,84\left(l\right)\)

c) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{hhB}=m_{Fe}+m_{Cu}=0,2\cdot56+0,05\cdot64=14,4\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

            \(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

a) Vì khối lượng Cu bằng \(\dfrac{6}{5}\) khối lượng Fe 

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cu}=\dfrac{26,4}{6+5}\cdot6=14,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=26,4-14,4=12\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=\dfrac{14,4}{64}=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=\dfrac{12}{56}=\dfrac{3}{14}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Fe}+n_{Cu}=\dfrac{9}{28}+0,225=\dfrac{153}{280}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=\dfrac{153}{280}\cdot22,4=12,24\left(l\right)\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{28}\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=0,225\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{3}{28}\cdot160\approx17,14\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=0,225\cdot80=18\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow m_{hh}=35,14\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{17,14}{35,14}\cdot100\%\approx48,78\%\\\%m_{CuO}=51,22\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bài 3:

PTHH: \(CuO+CO\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+CO_2\uparrow\)

            \(Fe_3O_4+4CO\xrightarrow[]{t^o}3Fe+4CO_2\uparrow\)

a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{31,2+15,2}{2}=23,2\left(g\right)\\m_{CuO}=31,2-23,2=8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)=\dfrac{8}{80}=n_{CuO}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,3\cdot56=16,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0,1\cdot64=6,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b) Theo các PTHH: \(n_{CO}=n_{CO_2}=n_{Cu}+\dfrac{4}{3}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{7}{30}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{CO}=V_{CO_2}=\dfrac{7}{30}\cdot22,4\approx5,23\left(l\right)\)  

\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.2,5=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(CuO+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+CO_2\uparrow\)

\(Fe_2O_3+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}2FeO+CO_2\uparrow\)

\(CO+PbO\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\uparrow+Pb\)

\(FeO+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe+CO_2\uparrow\)

--> Hh kim loại Y là Cu , Pb , FeO , Fe 

hh khí Z sau p/u là CO2 

                          \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\)

trc p/u :                            0,5                  0,3 

p/u :                     0,3          0,3           0,3            0,3 

sau :                    0,3         0,2              0              0,3 

\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{30}{100}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{CO_2}=0,3.44=13,2\left(g\right)\)

Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn khổi lượng :

\(m_Y=53,5-13,2=40,3\left(g\right)\)

PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)  (1)

            \(PbO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Pb+H_2O\)  (2)

Ta có: \(\Sigma n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1,8}{18}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi số mol của CuO là \(a\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O\left(1\right)}=a\)

Gọi số mol của PbO là b \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O\left(2\right)}=b\)

Ta lập được hệ phương trình

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,1\\80a+223b=108,6\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) Hệ có nghiệm âm 

Bạn xem lại đề !!

\(CuO+CO\rightarrow Cu+CO_2\)

..x..........x.........................

\(PbO+CO\rightarrow Pb+CO_2\)

..y........y........................

- Theo bài ra ta có hệ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80x+223y=3,83\\x+y=0,03\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=1,6\\m_{PbO}=2,23\end{matrix}\right.\) ( g )

b, \(n_K=n_{CO_2}=x+y=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V=0,672\left(l\right)\)

c, \(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)

........................0,03........0,03.............

\(\Rightarrow m_{kt}=3\left(g\right)\) 

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{PbO}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(m_{CuO}+m_{PbO}=3,83\\ \Rightarrow80x+223y=3,83\left(1\right)\)

\(PTHH:CuO+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+CO_2\uparrow\\ \left(mol\right)......x\rightarrow..x....x.....x\\ PTHH:PbO+CO\underrightarrow{t^o}Pb+CO_2\uparrow\\ \left(mol\right)......y\rightarrow..y....y.....y\\ n_{CO}=\dfrac{0,84}{28}=0,03\\ \Rightarrow x+y=0,03\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) ta có hpt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80x+223y=3,83\\x+y=0,03\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải hpt ta được \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a,\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=80.0,02=1,6\left(g\right)\\m_{PbO}=3,83-1,6=2,23\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,V_{CO_2}=\left(x+y\right).22,4=\left(0,02+0,01\right).22,4=0,672\left(l\right)\)

\(c,n_{CO_2}=x+y=0,02+0,01=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\\ \left(mol\right)................0,03\rightarrow0,03\\ m_{CaCO_3}=0,03.100=3\left(g\right)\)

nCO = 0.84/28 = 0.03 (mol)

Đặt nCuO= x (mol)

nPbO = y (mol)

Bảo Toàn e : 

2x +2y = 0.06 (1)

Và : 80x + 223y =3.83(2)

Từ (1) và (2) 

=> x = 0.02 ; y = 0.01 

=> m PbO = 223 . 0,01 = 2.23 (g)

m CuO = 3,83 - 2,23 = 1.6 (g)

b. Bảo toàn nguyên tố C

=> n CO2 = 0.03 × 22.4 = 0.672 (l)

c. Bảo toàn nguyên tố C : 

m CaCO3 = 100 × 0.03 = 3 (g) 

\(m_{giảm}=m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}-m_{H_2O}=6,72\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{giảm}=\dfrac{6,72}{74-18}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Ca(OH)₂ + CO₂ ---> CaCO₃ + H₂O

Theo pthh: \(n_{giảm}=n_{CO_2}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe_xO_y + yCO --t^o--> xFe + yCO₂

Bảo toàn O: \(n_{CO}=n_{CO_2}=n_{O\left(oxit\right)}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

\(\rightarrow n_{Fe}=\dfrac{6,96-0,12.16}{56}=0,09\left(mol\right)\)

CTHH: Fe_xO_y

=> x : y = 0,09 : 0,12 = 3 : 4

=> Oxit đó là Fe₃O₄

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{AgNO_3}=0,1.1,2=0,12\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,1.0,6=0,06\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PTHH:

Fe + 2AgNO₃ ---> Fe(NO₃)₂ + 2Ag

0,06     0,12                              0,12

Fe + Cu(NO₃)₂ ---> Fe(NO₃)₂ + Cu

0,03                                            0,03

\(m=0,12.108+0,03.64=14,88\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2

Bài 1

a/. Phương trình phản ứng hoá học: 
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2 
b/. nH2 = V/22,4 = 3,36/22,4 = 0,15 (mol) 
....... Fe.....+ 2HCl --> Fecl2 + H2 
TPT 1 mol....2 mol.................1 mol 
TDB x mol....y mol................0,15 mol 
nFe = x = (0,15x1)/1 = 0,15 (mol) 
mFe = n x M = 0,15 x 56 = 8,4 (g) 
c/. nHCl = y = (0,15x2)/1 = 0,3 (mol) 
CMHCl = n/V = 0,3/0,05 = 6 (M) 

a) Gọi số mol H₂ là x

=> \(n_{H_2O}=x\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐLBTKL: \(m_A+m_{H_2}=m_B+m_{H_2O}\)

=> 200 + 2x = 156 + 18x

=> x = 2,75 (mol)

=> \(V_{H_2}=2,75.22,4=61,6\left(l\right)\)

b) Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=1,5a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2O_3}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> 80a + 240a + 102b = 200

=> 320a + 102b = 200

PTHH: CuO + H₂ --t^o--> Cu + H₂O

              a---------------->a

            Fe₂O₃ + 3H₂ --t^o--> 2Fe + 3H₂O

             1,5a------------------>3a

=> 64a + 168a + 102b = 156

=> 232a + 102b = 156

=> a = 0,5; b = \(\dfrac{20}{51}\)

=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,5.80}{200}.100\%=20\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{0,75.160}{200}.100\%=60\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{\dfrac{20}{51}.102}{200}.100\%=20\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,75}{5}=0,55\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{FeO\left(tt\right)}=\dfrac{36}{72}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Gọi số mol FeO phản ứng là t (mol)

PTHH: FeO + H₂ --t^o--> Fe + H₂O

              t--------------->t

=> 56t + (0,5-t).72 = 29,6

=> t = 0,4 (mol)

=> \(H\%=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}.100\%=80\%\)