Chứng minh rằng
\(\dfrac{1}{n.\left(n+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+1}\left(nEN^{\cdot}\right)\)
Chứng minh rằng
\(\dfrac{k}{n.\left(n+k\right)}=\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+k}\left(n;kEN^{\cdot}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+k}=\dfrac{n+k}{n\left(n+k\right)}-\dfrac{n}{n\left(n+k\right)}=\dfrac{n+k-n}{n\left(n+k\right)}=\dfrac{k}{n\left(n+k\right)}\)
\(\dfrac{k}{n\cdot\left(n+k\right)}=\dfrac{n+k-n}{n\left(n+k\right)}=\dfrac{1}{n}-\dfrac{1}{n+k}\)(đpcm)
a,b,c nguyên dương và a+b+c=1. chứng minh rằng \(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\cdot\left(1+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)>=64\)
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(\text{VT}=\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{(a+1)(b+1)(c+1)}{abc}\) (1)
Thay \(1=a+b+c\) kết hợp với bất đẳng thức AM-GM:
\((a+1)(b+1)(c+1)=(a+a+b+c)(b+a+b+c)(c+a+b+c)\)
\(=[(a+b)+(a+c)][(b+c)(b+a)][(c+a)+(c+b)]\)
\(\geq 2\sqrt{(a+b)(a+c)}.2\sqrt{(b+c)(b+a)}.2\sqrt{(c+a)(c+b)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (a+1)(b+1)(c+1)\geq 8(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng AM-GM:
\((a+b)(b+c)(c+a)\geq 2\sqrt{ab}.2\sqrt{bc}.2\sqrt{ac}=8abc\)
Suy ra \((a+1)(b+1)(c+1)\geq 64abc\) (2)
Từ (1);(2) ta có \(\text{VT}\geq 64\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Chứng minh rằng :
a) \(\dfrac{1.3.5.....39}{21.22.23.....40}=\dfrac{1}{2^{20}}\)
b) \(\dfrac{1.3.5....\left(2n-1\right)}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right)...2n}=\dfrac{1}{2^n}\) với \(n\in\) N*
a) Vế trái \(=\dfrac{1.3.5...39}{21.22.23...40}=\dfrac{1.3.5.7...21.23...39}{21.22.23....40}=\dfrac{1.3.5.7...19}{22.24.26...40}\)
\(=\dfrac{1.3.5.7....19}{2.11.2.12.2.13.2.14.2.15.2.16.2.17.2.18.2.19.2.20}\\ =\dfrac{1.3.5.7.9.....19}{\left(1.3.5.7.9...19\right).2^{20}}=\dfrac{1}{2^{20}}\left(đpcm\right)\)
b) Vế trái
\(=\dfrac{1.3.5...\left(2n-1\right)}{\left(n+1\right).\left(n+2\right).\left(n+3\right)...2n}\\ =\dfrac{1.2.3.4.5.6...\left(2n-1\right).2n}{2.4.6...2n.\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)...2n}\\ =\dfrac{1.2.3.4...\left(2n-1\right).2n}{2^n.1.2.3.4...n.\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)...2n}\\ =\dfrac{1}{2^n}.\\ \left(đpcm\right)\)
Tính:
\(N=\left(0,25\right)^{-1}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^{-2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{4}{3}\right)^{-2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{5}{4}\right)^{-1}\cdot\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^{-3}\)\(N=\left(0,25\right)^{-1}\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^{-2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{4}{3}\right)^{-2}\cdot\left(\dfrac{5}{4}\right)^{-1}\cdot\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^{-3}\)
\(N=4\cdot16\cdot\dfrac{9}{16}\cdot\dfrac{4}{5}\cdot\dfrac{27}{8}=4\cdot9\cdot\dfrac{4}{5}\cdot\dfrac{27}{8}\)
\(=\dfrac{16}{5}\cdot\dfrac{243}{8}=\dfrac{486}{5}\)
1. Chứng minh rằng với \(\forall N\ne0̸\) ta đều có :
a, \(\dfrac{1}{2\cdot5}+\dfrac{1}{5\cdot8}+\dfrac{1}{8\cdot11}+\dfrac{1}{\left(3n-1\right)\cdot\left(3n+1\right)}=\dfrac{n}{6n+4}\).
2. Tìm GTLN hoặc GTNN của biểu thức \(A=\dfrac{\left|2-x\right|-3}{\left|2-x\right|+11}\).
Cho \(M=\dfrac{1.3.5.7.....\left(2n-1\right)}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n+2\right)\left(n+3\right).....2n}\) với \(n\in\) N* .
Chứng minh rằng \(M< \dfrac{1}{2^{n-1}}\)
Lời giải:
\(M=\frac{1.2.3.4.5.6.7...(2n-1)}{2.4.6...(2n-2).(n+1)(n+2)....2n}=\frac{(2n-1)!}{2.1.2.2.2.3...2(n-1).(n+1).(n+2)...2n}\)
\(=\frac{(2n-1)!}{2^{n-1}.1.2...(n-1).(n+1).(n+2)....2n}=\frac{(2n-1)!}{2^{n-1}.1.2...(n-1).n(n+1)..(2n-1).2}\)
\(=\frac{(2n-1)!}{2^{n-1}.(2n-1)!.2}=\frac{1}{2^{n-1}.2}<\frac{1}{2^{n-1}}\)
Ta có đpcm.
chứng minh rằng \(S=\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+\dfrac{1}{8^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}< \dfrac{1}{4}\left(n\in N,n\ge2\right)\)
\(S=\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\right)\)
=>\(S< =\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\)
=>\(S< =\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot\left(1-\dfrac{1}{n}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot\dfrac{n-1}{n}< =\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Chứng minh rằng với mọi số nguyên dương n, p ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(1+1\right)\sqrt[p]{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2+1\right)\sqrt[p]{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt[p]{n}}\) < p
Chứng minh rằng với mọi số nguyên dương n, p ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(1+1\right)\sqrt[p]{1}}+\dfrac{1}{\left(2+1\right)\sqrt[p]{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt[p]{n}}\) < p