\(x^2+y^2=1\Leftrightarrow\frac{^4}{a}+\frac{y^4}{b}=\frac{x^2+y^2}{a+b}\)

Theo tính chất tỉ lệ thức

\(\frac{x^2+y^2}{a+b}=\frac{x^2}{a}=\frac{y^2}{b}\left(a;b\ne0\right)\)

\(\frac{x^{2012}}{a^{1006}}+\frac{y^{2012}}{b^{1006}}=\left(\frac{x^2}{a}\right)^{1006}+\left(\frac{y^2}{b}\right)^{1006}=2.\left(\frac{x^2+y^2}{a+b}\right)^{2006}=\frac{2}{\left(a+b\right)^{2006}}\left(đpcm\right)\)

a) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x+1+1}{x+1}+\frac{2}{y-2}=6\\\frac{5}{x+1}-\frac{1}{y-2}=3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}1+\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{2}{y-2}=6\\\frac{5}{x+1}-\frac{1}{y-2}=3\end{cases}}}\)

Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x+1};b=\frac{1}{y-2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}1+a+2b=6\\5a-b=3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+2b=5\\5a-b=3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}a=1\\b=2\end{cases}}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x+1}=1\\\frac{1}{y-2}=2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}}}\)

b) ĐK: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne0\\y\ne1\end{cases}}\)

\(PT\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\)(loại)

, x=2 , x²-2x+4=0 (3)

pt(3) vô nghiệm vì \(\Delta'=1-4=-3< 0\)

Thay x=2 vào pt(2) ta được \(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{y-2}=\frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{y-1}=1\Leftrightarrow y-1=1\Leftrightarrow y=2\left(tm\text{đ}k\right)\)

Vậy nghiệm của hpt là: (x;y)=(2;2)

c) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x+2}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y-2}=6\\\dfrac{5}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y-2}=5\\\dfrac{5}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{5}{x+1}+\dfrac{10}{y-2}=25\\\dfrac{5}{x+1}-\dfrac{1}{y-2}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{11}{y-2}=22\\\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{2}{y-2}=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-2=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{x+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=1\\y-2=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

câu a) sáng giải

b) \(\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(x+\frac{1}{x}+y+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2}{2}=\frac{4^2}{2}=8>4\) vô nghiệm 

a) ĐK: \(x,y\ne-1\)

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+y^2+x+y=\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(1\right)\\\left(\frac{x}{y+1}\right)^2+\left(\frac{y}{x+1}\right)^2=1\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)

(1) \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{x^2+x}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}+\frac{y^2+y}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{x\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}+\frac{y\left(y+1\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{x}{y+1}+\frac{y}{x+1}=1\) (3) 

(2) \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(\frac{x}{y+1}+\frac{y}{x+1}\right)^2-\frac{2xy}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2xy=\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\)

Lại có: \(\left(\frac{x}{y+1}\right)^2+\left(\frac{y}{x+1}\right)^2\ge2\sqrt{\left(\frac{xy}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)}\right)^2}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}=1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{x}{y+1}=\frac{y}{x+1}\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{2x}{y+1}=1\\2\left(\frac{x}{y+1}\right)^2=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{x}{y+1}\right)^2-\frac{x}{y+1}=0\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{y+1}\left(\frac{x}{y+1}-1\right)=0}\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{y+1}=0\\\frac{x}{y+1}-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0;y=1\\x=y+1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x=y+1}\)

Thay x=y+1 vào (3) ta được: \(\frac{y}{x+1}=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(y=0\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(x=1\) ( tương tự với y ta cũng được x=0;y=1 ) 

tập nghiệm của pt \(\left(x,y\right)=\left\{\left(0;1\right),\left(1;0\right)\right\}\)

b) ĐK: \(x,y\ne0\) còn cách khác là dùng cosi nhé, VD: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+\frac{1}{x}+y+\frac{1}{y}=4\left(1\right)\\\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y+\frac{1}{y}\right)^2=4\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)

lấy (1) + (2) và cộng 2 vào 2 vế của pt mới ta được: 

\(10=a^2+1+b^2+1+\left(a+b\right)\ge2\sqrt{a^2}+2\sqrt{a^2}+4=12\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(10\ge12\) (vô lí) => hpt vô nghiệm 

a) \(\hept{\begin{cases}3\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+2y\right)=4\\4\left(x+1\right)-\left(x+2y\right)=9\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+2y\right)=4\\8\left(x+1\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)=18\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}11\left(x+1\right)=22\\3\left(x+1\right)+2\left(x+2y\right)=4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\4y+8=4\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)

b) ĐK : y khác 0

\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+\frac{1}{y}=-\frac{1}{2}\\2x-\frac{3}{y}=-\frac{7}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3x+\frac{3}{y}=-\frac{3}{2}\\2x-\frac{3}{y}=-\frac{7}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}5x=-5\\3x+\frac{3}{y}=-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\-3+\frac{3}{y}=-\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\\frac{3}{y}=\frac{3}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-1\\y=2\left(tm\right)\end{cases}}\)

c) ĐK : x khác -1 ; y khác 2

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x+2}{x+1}+\frac{2}{y-2}=6\\\frac{5}{x+1}-\frac{1}{y-2}=3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{2}{y-2}=5\\\frac{5}{x+1}-\frac{1}{y-2}=3\end{cases}}\). Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x+1}=a\\\frac{1}{y-2}=b\end{cases}\left(a,b\ne0\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+2b=6\\5a-b=3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+2b=5\\10a-2b=6\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}11a=11\\a+2b=5\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=1\\b=2\end{cases}\left(tm\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x+1}=1\\\frac{1}{y-2}=2\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+1=1\\y-2=\frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=\frac{5}{2}\end{cases}\left(tm\right)}\)