\(u_{n+1}=\dfrac{2u_n}{u_n+4}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{u_{n+1}}=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{2}{u_n}\)

Đặt \(v_n=\dfrac{1}{u_n}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=1\\v_{n+1}=2v_n+\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}v_1=1\\v_{n+1}+\dfrac{1}{2}=2\left(v_n+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(v_n+\dfrac{1}{2}=x_n\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x_{n+1}=2x_n\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x_n\) là CSN với công bội 2 \(\Rightarrow x_n=\dfrac{3}{2}.2^{n-1}=3.2^{n-2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow v_n=x_n-\dfrac{1}{2}=3.2^{n-2}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow u_n=\dfrac{1}{v_n}=\dfrac{1}{3.2^{n-2}-\dfrac{1}{2}}=\dfrac{2}{3.2^{n-1}-1}\)

Cho \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1=1\\u_{n+1}=2u_n+6\end{matrix}\right.\)

Tìm số hạng tổng quát của dãy số sau

Là 6

1:

a: \(u_2=2\cdot1+3=5;u_3=2\cdot5+3=13;u_4=2\cdot13+3=29;\)

\(u_5=2\cdot29+3=61\)

b: \(u_2=u_1+2^2\)

\(u_3=u_2+2^3\)

\(u_4=u_3+2^4\)

\(u_5=u_4+2^5\)

Do đó: \(u_n=u_{n-1}+2^n\)

Xét \(\dfrac{1}{u_{n+1}}=\dfrac{u_n+4}{2u_n}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+\dfrac{4}{u_n}\right)\) (1)

Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{u_n}=x_n\)

(1) <=> \(x_{n+1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(4x_n+1\right)=2x_n+\dfrac{1}{2}\)

<=> \(x_{n+1}+\dfrac{1}{2}=2\left(x_n+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\) (2) 

Đặt \(x_n+\dfrac{1}{2}=t_n\)

(2) <=> t_n+1 = 2.t_n => q = 2

Có: \(t_n=t_1.2^{n-1}\)

Mà \(t_1=x_1+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{u_1}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

=> \(t_n=\dfrac{3}{2}.2^{n-1}\)

=> \(x_n=\dfrac{3}{2}.2^{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

=> \(u_n=\dfrac{2}{3.2^{n-1}-1}\)