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a) 

\(\left(x+1\right)\left(y-2\right)=5\\ \Rightarrow\left(x+1\right),\left(y-2\right)\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{1;-1;5;-5\right\}\)

Ta có bảng:

Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;7\right),\left(-2;-3\right),\left(4;3\right),\left(-6;1\right)\)

b) 

\(\left(x-5\right)\left(y+4\right)=-7\\ \Rightarrow\left(x-5\right),\left(y+4\right)\inƯ\left(-7\right)=\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)

Ta có bảng:

Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(6;-11\right),\left(4;3\right),\left(12;-5\right),\left(-2;-3\right)\)

e) 

\(x-\left(17-8\right)=5+\left(10-3x\right)\\ \Rightarrow x-9=5+10-3x\\ \Rightarrow x+3x=5+10+9\\ \Rightarrow4x=24\\ \Rightarrow x=\dfrac{24}{4}=6\)

Vậy \(x=6\)

bài 1 : a,ta có 3/x-1 =4/y-2=5/z-3 =>  x-1/3=y-2/4=z-3/5 

áp dụng .... => x-1+y-2+z-3 / 3+4+5 = x+y+z-1-2-3/3+4+5 = 12/12=1

do x-1/3 = 1 => x-1 = 3 => x= 4 ( tìm y,z tương tự

Bài 1: 

a) Ta có: 3/x - 1 = 4/y - 2 = 5/z - 3 => x - 1/3 = y - 2/4 = z - 3/5 áp dụng ... =>x - 1 + y - 2 + z - 3/3 + 4 + 5 = x + y + z - 1 - 2 - 3/3 + 4 + 5 = 12/12 = 1 do x - 1/3 = 1 => x - 1 = 3 => x = 4 ( tìm y, z tương tự )

cũng dễ thôi

a) => y+42+2y= -12-14+2y

y+2y-2y = -12-14-42

y= -68

b) => 15+y-5-5y= -12-5y

y-5y+5y= -12-15+5

y = -22

c) => 2y+5-8y+21= -3-5y-2

2y-8y+5y= -3-2-5-21

-y= -31=>y=31

d)=> -13+3y+23= -120+y

3y-y= -120+13-23

2y= -130=>y= -65

e) => -21+32+5y= 16+4y

5y-4y= 16+21-32

y= 5

bài 1

a)y-(-42-2y) = (-12) - 14 +2y

y +42 + 2y = -12 -14 +2y

3y + 42 = -26 +2y

y = -68

b)15-(-y+5)-5y=-(12+5y+2)

15+y-5-5y=-12-5y-2

10-4y=-14-5y

-4y+5y=-14-10=-24

c)2y-(-5+8y-21)=-3-(5y+2)

2y+5-8y+21=-3y-5y-2

-6y+26=-8y-2

-6y+8y=-2-26

2y=-28

y=-28/2=-14

\(1,\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x-y\right)^2=\left[\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\right]\left[\left(x+y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\right]=\left(x+y-x+y\right)\left(x+y+x-y\right)=2y.2x=4xy\)

\(2,\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(x-y\right)^3-2y^3\)

\(=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3-x^3+3x^2y-3xy^2+y^3-2y^3\)

\(=6x^2y\)

\(3,\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2\\ =\left[\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\right]^2\\ =\left(x+y-x+y\right)^2\\ =4y^2\)

\(4,\left(2x+3\right)^2-2\left(2x+3\right)\left(2x+5\right)+\left(2x+5\right)^2\\ =\left[\left(2x+3\right)-\left(2x+5\right)\right]^2\\ =\left(2x+3-2x-5\right)^2\\ =\left(-2\right)^2\\ =4\)

\(5,9^8.2^8-\left(18^4+1\right)\left(18^4-1\right)\\ =18^8-\left[\left(18^4\right)^2-1\right]\\ =18^8-18^8+1\\ =1\)

1: =x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2+2xy-y^2=4xy

2: =x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3-x^3+3x^2y-3xy^2+y^3-2y^3

=6x^2y

3: =(x+y-x+y)^2=(2y)^2=4y^2

4: =(2x+3-2x-5)^2=(-2)^2=4

5: =18^8-18^8+1=1

=> y . 1/8 + y.1/3 .18 - y . 1/5 . 10 = 120

=> y . 1/8 + y . 6 - y . 2 = 120

=> y . (1/8 + 6 - 2) = 120

=> y . \(\frac{33}{8}\) = 120

=> y = 120 : \(\frac{33}{8}\) = \(\frac{320}{11}\)

Y:8 + Y : 3 x18 - Y : 5 x 10 = 120

=Y :(8+3 . 18 - 5 ) . 10 =120

=Y: 57 .10   = 120

= Y :57         =120:10

=Y:57           =12

Y = 12 . 57

Y=684

mk nhầm chút

                   Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số = nhau ý

P/s: Vì lười nên chị viết tắt nha.
1) Áp dụng tính chất... ta có: \(\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{x+y}{3+5}=-\frac{32}{8}=-4\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-4.3=-12\\y=-4.5=-20\end{cases}}\)
2) Có: \(\frac{x}{y}=\frac{9}{11}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{11}\)
Áp dụng tính chất... ta có: \(\frac{x}{9}=\frac{y}{11}=\frac{x+y}{9+11}=\frac{60}{20}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=3.9=27\\y=3.11=33\end{cases}}\)
3) tương tự 2)
4), 8) và 9) tương tự 1)
5) Có: \(7x=3y\Rightarrow\frac{x}{3}=\frac{y}{7}\)
Áp dụng tính chất... (Tương tự các phần trên).

6) và 7) tương tự 5)
10) 4x = 5y phải không ? Vậy vẫn tương tự 5)
 

10) Sửa đề : \(4x=5y\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{5}=\frac{y}{4}\)và \(xy=80\)

Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{5}=k\\\frac{y}{4}=k\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=5k\\y=4k\end{cases}}}\)

Ta có : \(xy=5k.4k=20k^2=80\)

\(\Leftrightarrow k^2=4\Leftrightarrow k=\pm2\)

Tự làm nốt ... 

6) \(5x=7y\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{7}=\frac{y}{5}\)và \(y-x=18\)

Áp dụng t/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có : 

\(\frac{x}{7}=\frac{y}{5}=\frac{y-x}{5-7}=\frac{18}{-2}=-9\)

Với \(\frac{x}{7}=-9\Leftrightarrow x=-63\)

Với \(\frac{y}{5}=-9\Leftrightarrow y=-45\)

Ok ! làm vậy đủ các cách làm rồi đấy. Làm nốt nhá ! Cố lến bn.