Chọn đáp án C

2 K M n O 4 + 16HCl → 2KCl + 2 M n C l 2 + 5 C l 2 + 8 H 2 O

n H C l = 14 , 6 36 , 5  = 0,4 (mol) => n C l 2 = 14 36 , 5  = 0,125 (mol)

=> V = 0,125.22,4 = 2,8 (lít)

a, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

____0,1_____0,2______0,1_____0,1 (mol)

\(V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)

\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\)

b, \(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)

c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ m _{chất rắn} = m_{CuO (dư)} + m_Cu = 0,05.80 + 0,1.64 = 10,4 (g)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{58,4.15\%}{36,5}=0,24\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,24}{2}=0,12\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V1=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,12.22,4=2,688\left(l\right)\\ x=m_{Cu}=m_{hhA}-m_{Fe}=15,68-0,12.56=8,96\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{Cu}=\dfrac{8,96}{64}=0,14\left(mol\right)\\ 2Fe+3Cl_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2FeCl_3\\ Cu+Cl_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CuCl_2\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Fe}+n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,12+0,14=0,32\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V2=V_{Cl_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,32.22,4=7,168\left(l\right)\\ y=m_{muối}=m_{AlCl_3}+m_{CuCl_2}=0,12.133,5+0,14.135=34,92\left(g\right)\)

a) Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol Fe, Cu trong hhX (x,y>0) (mol)

- Khi cho X t/d hoàn toàn với khí Clo dư:

\(2Fe+3Cl_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2FeCl_3\\ Cu+Cl_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CuCl_2\\ \Rightarrow162,5x+135y=59,5\left(1\right)\)

- Khi cho X tác dụng hoàn toàn với dd HCl 36,5%. Cu sẽ không tác dụng mà chỉ có Fe tham gia phản ứng.

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ m_{FeCl_2}=127x=25,4\left(g\right)\left(2\right)\\ \left(1\right),\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}162,5x+135y=59,5\\127x=25,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow a=m_{hhX}=m_{Fe}+m_{Cu}=64x+56y=64.0,2+56.0,2=24\left(g\right)\)

Tính phần trăm mỗi muối sau phản ứng chắc ở phản ứng với Clo dư.

\(\%m_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,2.162,5}{0,2.162,5+0,2.135}.100\approx54,622\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{CuCl_2}\approx45,378\%\)

b)

\(n_{HCl}=2x=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{36,5}=40\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{m_{ddHCl}}{D_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{40}{1,25}=32\left(ml\right)=0,032\left(l\right)\)

Đáp án A

- PT: a, \(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\) (1)

\(MnO_2+4HCl_đ\underrightarrow{t^o}MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\) (2) 

- Ta có: \(n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT (1): \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{5}{16}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=0,125\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_1=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\)

(2): \(n_{Cl_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_2=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

Gọi KL hoá trị II cần tìm là B 

\(a,B+Br_2\rightarrow BBr_2\\ a=m_B=m_{BBr_2}-m_{Br_2}=22,08-\dfrac{2,688}{22,4}.160=2,88\left(g\right)\\ n_B=n_{BBr_2}=n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{2,688}{22,4}=0,12\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_B=\dfrac{2,88}{0,12}=24\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \Rightarrow B\left(II\right):Magie\left(Mg=24\right)\\ b,MgBr_2+Na_2CO_3\rightarrow MgCO_3\downarrow+2NaBr\\ n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1.1=10,1\left(mol\right)\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,12}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\Rightarrow MgBr_2dư\\ \Rightarrow n_{MgCO_3}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow b=m_{MgCO_3}=84.0,1=8,4\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl₂ + H₂

            0,3--->0,6------>0,3-->0,3

=> V = 0,3.24,79 = 7,437 (l)

b) a = m_HCl = 0,6.36,5 = 21,9 (g)

b = m_ZnCl2 = 0,3.136 = 40,8 (g)