\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,2mol\\ m_{Fe}=0,2.56=11,2g\\ m_{Cu}=25-11,2=13,8g\\ b,\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{25}\cdot100=44,8\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100-44,8=55,2\%\)
c, Gọi CTHH của sắt là \(Fe_xO_y\)

\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\xrightarrow[t^0]{}xFe+yH_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe_xO_y}=n_{H_2}:y\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{11,6}{56x+16y}=\dfrac{0,2}{y}\\ \Leftrightarrow11,6y=11,2x+3,2y\\ \Leftrightarrow11,6y-3,2y=11,2x\\ \Leftrightarrow8,4y=11,2x\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{8,4}{11,2}=\dfrac{3}{4}\\ \Rightarrow x=3;y=4\\ \Rightarrow CTHH:Fe_3O_4\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ a,\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,02.56}{4,36}.100\approx25,688\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Ag}\approx74,312\%\\ b,Ta.thấy:2,18=\dfrac{1}{2}.4,36\\ \Rightarrow m_{hh\left(câuB\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}.m_{hh\left(câuA\right)}\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,02}{2}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Ag}=\dfrac{2,18-0,01.56}{108}=0,015\left(mol\right)\\ 2Fe+3Cl_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2FeCl_3\\ 2Ag+Cl_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2AgCl\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Fe}+\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Ag}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,01+\dfrac{1}{2}.0,015=0,0225\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{Cl_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,0225.22,4=0,504\left(l\right)\)

\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ Đặt:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\\ 2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=5,1\\1,5a+b=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,1}{5,1}.100\approx52,941\%\\\%m_{Mg}\approx47,059\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,25.98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{Al,Mg}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=5,1+250-0,25.2=254,6\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342}{254,6}.100\approx6,716\%\\ C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{254,6}.100\approx4,713\%\)

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a, \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{4}{15}.27}{10}.100\%=72\%\\\%m_{Cu}=28\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4.98=39,2\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{39,2}{300}.100\%\approx13,067\%\)

a.

 \(m_{Ag}=m_{k.tan}=8,7\left(g\right)\\ m_{Zn,Mg}=20-8,7=11,3\left(g\right)\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\\Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+24b=11,3\\a+b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ag}=\dfrac{8,7}{20}.100=43,5\%\\\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24.0,2}{20}.100=24\%\\\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{20}.100=32,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b. 

\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(tổng\right)}=a+b=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(lít\right)=600\left(ml\right)\)

a)\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

Mol:       x                                                     1,5x

PTHH: Mg + H₂SO₄ → MgSO₄ + H₂

Mol:      y                                                 y

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+24y=5,1\\1,5x+y=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27.100\%}{5,1}=52,94\%;\%m_{Mg}=100-52,94=47,06\%\)

b) 

PTHH: 2Al + 3H₂SO₄ → Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3H₂

Mol:      0,1      0,15                  0,05                            

PTHH: Mg + H₂SO₄ → MgSO₄ + H₂

Mol:     0,1       0,1                 0,1

\(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0,1+0,15\right).98.100}{9,8}=250\left(g\right)\)

m_{dd sau pứ} = 5,1+250-0,15.2 = 254,8(g)

\(C\%_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,05.342.100\%}{254,8}=6,71\%\)

\(C\%_{ddMgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120.100\%}{254,8}=4,71\%\)

\(A.Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ B.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05mol\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

0,05      0,05           0,05           0,05

\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.24}{6,4}\cdot100=18,75\%\\ \%m_{Cu}=100-18,75=81,25\%\\ C.m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,05.98}{20}\cdot100=24,5g\)

a) Pt : \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

Theo Pt : \(n_{Mg}=n_{H2SO4}=n_{MgSO4}=n_{H2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

b)  \(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,05.24}{6,4}.100\%=18,75\%\)

\(\%m_{Cu}=100\%-18,75\%=81,25\%\)

c) \(m_{H2SO4}=0,05.98=4,9\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH2SO4}=\dfrac{4.100\%}{20\%}=20\left(g\right)\)

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