\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)

bđ       0,3      0,4

pư       0,3      0,15 

sau pư 0       0,25    0,3

=> H₂ hết, O₂ dư

\(m_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,25.32=8\left(g\right)\)

b) \(A_{H_2O}=0,3.6.10^{23}=1,8.10^{23}\left(phân.tử\right)\)

c) \(m_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=0,15.32=4,8\left(g\right)\)

PTHH: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

            0,3<-------------------------------------0,15

\(\rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,3.158=47,4\left(g\right)\)

\(a/ Mg+H_2SO_4 \to MgSO_4+H_2\\ b/ n_{Mg}=\frac{3,6}{24}=0,15(mol)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,168(mol)\\ b/\\ Mg \text{ hết}; H_2SO_4 \text{ dư}\\ n_{H_2SO_4(dư)}=0,168-0,15=0,018(mol)\\ m_{H_2SO_4}=0,018.98=1,764(g)\\ c/\\ n_{MgSO_4}=0,15(mol)\\ m_{MgSO_4}=0,15.120=18(g)\\ d/\\ n_{H_2}=0,15\\ V=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)\)

a, PT: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,1975}{24,79}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,25}{2}< \dfrac{0,25}{1}\), ta được O₂ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,125\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,25-0,125=0,125\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,125.24,79=3,09875\left(l\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,25.18=4,5\left(g\right)\)

c, PT: \(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=\dfrac{1}{6}.122,5\approx20,42\left(g\right)\)

a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\), ta được Fe dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)

b, Fe dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,1}=0,5\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

              \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

trc p/u : 0,1       0,1         

p/u :       0,05    0,1         0,05     0,05 

sau p/u: 0,05      0           0,05       0,05 

---> sau p/ư : Fe dư 

\(a,V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\) 

b, \(m_{Fedư}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\)

\(c,_{FeCl_2}=0,05.127=6,35\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddFeCl_2}=5,6+\left(0,1.36,5\right)-\left(0,05.1\right)=9,2\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{6,35}{9,2}.100\%\approx69\%\)

a)

n Al = 10,8/27 = 0,4(mol)

2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2

n H2 = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)n Al = 0,6(mol)

=> V H2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44(lít)

b) n AlCl3 = n Al = 0,4(mol)

=> m AlCl3 = 0,4.133,5 = 53,4(gam)

c) n CuO = 16/80 = 0,2(mol)

CuO + H2 \(\xrightarrow{t^o}\) Cu + H2O

n CuO = 0,2 < n H2 = 0,6 => H2 dư

n H2 pư  = n Cu = n CuO = 0,2 mol

Suy ra:

m H2 dư = (0,6  -0,2).2 = 0,8(gam)

m Cu = 0,2.64 = 12,8(gam)

a) nAl=0,4(mol)

PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 +  3H2

nH2= 3/2 . nAl=3/2 . 0,4=0,6(mol)

=>V(H2,đktc)=0,6  x 22,4= 13,44(l)

b) nAlCl3= nAl=0,4(mol)

=>mAlCl3=133,5 x 0,4= 53,4(g)

c) nCuO=0,2(mol)

PTHH: CuO + H2 -to-> Cu + H2O

Ta có: 0,2/1 < 0,6/1

=> H2 dư, CuO hết, tính theo nCuO

=> nH2(p.ứ)=nCu=nCuO=0,2(mol)

=>nH2(dư)=0,6 - 0,2=0,4(mol)

=> mH2(dư)=0,4. 2=0,8(g)

mCu=0,2.64=12,4(g)

PTHH: \(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=\dfrac{12,8}{32}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{3}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Oxi còn dư, Fe p/ứ hết

\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,4-\dfrac{2}{15}=\dfrac{4}{15}\left(mol\right)\)

+) Theo PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{15}\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{kk}=\dfrac{2}{15}\cdot22,4\cdot5\approx14,93\left(l\right)\\m_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{15}\cdot232\approx15,47\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) 

a, Theo gt ta có: $n_{H_2}=0,15(mol);n_{O_2}=0,05(mol)$

$2H_2+O_2\rightarrow 2H_2O$

Sau phản ứng $H_2$ còn dư. Và dư 0,05.22,4=1,12(l)

b, Ta có: $n_{H_2O}=2.n_{O_2}=0,1(mol)\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=1,8(g)$

nH2 = 3.36/22.4 = 0.15 (mol) 

nO2 = 1.12/22.4 = 0.05 (mol) 

2H2 + O2 -to-> 2H2O 

0.1___0.05_____0.1 

VH2 (dư) = ( 0.15 - 0.1) * 22.4 = 1.12 (l) 

mH2O = 0.1*18 = 1.8 (g) 

a) PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

b) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=\dfrac{32,5}{65}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) HCl phản ứng hết, Zn còn dư

\(\Rightarrow n_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,05=0,45\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,45\cdot65=29,25\left(g\right)\)

c+d) Theo PTHH: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05mol\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,05\cdot136=6,8\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)