\(a,9x^2+y^2+2z^2-18x+4z-6y+20=0\\ \Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2\left(z+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\\z=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,5x^2+5y^2+8xy+2y-2x+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-y\\x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,5x^2+2y^2+4xy-2x+4y+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-y\\x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(d,x^2+4y^2+z^2=2x+12y-4z-14\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(2y-3\right)^2+\left(z+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\\z=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(e,x^2+y^2-6x+4y+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)

Pt vô nghiệm do ko có 2 bình phương số nguyên có tổng là 11

e: Ta có: \(x^2-6x+y^2+4y+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+9+y^2+4y+4-11=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=11\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3 và y=-2

3: \(x^4-13x^2+36\)

\(=x^4-9x^2-4x^2+36\)

\(=\left(x^2-9\right)\left(x^2-4\right)\)

\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)

4: \(x^4+3x^2-2x+3\)

\(=x^4+x^3+3x^2-x^3-x^2-3x+x^2+x+3\)

\(=\left(x^2+x+3\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)

5: \(x^4+2x^3+3x^2+2x+1\)

\(=x^4+x^3+x^2+x^3+x^2+x+x^2+x+1\)

\(=\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2\)

Cách 1:  x 2  + 2xy - 15 y 2 = ( x 2  + 2xy + y 2 ) - 16 y 2

= x + y 2 - 4 y 2

= (x + y + 4y)(x + y – 4y)

= (x + 5y)(x – 3y).

Cách 2:  x 2  + 2xy - 15 y 2  =  x 2  + 5xy – 3xy - 15 y 2

= x(x + 5y) – 3y(x + 5y)

= (x – 3y)(x + 5y).

a 8xy²-12x²y+20xy=4xy(2y-3x+5)

a,=\(4xy\left(2y-3x+5\right)\)

b,=\(2\left(x^2-25\right)=2\left(x+5\right)\left(x-5\right)\)

c,=\(\left(x-3\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2=\left(x-3-2y\right)\left(x-3+2y\right)\)

Bài 3

a) x² + 10x + 25

= x² + 2.x.5 + 5²

= (x + 5)²

b) 8x - 16 - x²

= -(x² - 8x + 16)

= -(x² - 2.x.4 + 4²)

= -(x - 4)²

c) x³ + 3x² + 3x + 1

= x³ + 3.x².1 + 3.x.1² + 1³

= (x + 1)³

d) (x + y)² - 9x²

= (x + y)² - (3x)²

= (x + y - 3x)(x + y + 3x)

= (y - 2x)(4x + y)

e) (x + 5)² - (2x - 1)²

= (x + 5 - 2x + 1)(x + 5 + 2x - 1)

= (6 - x)(3x + 4)

Bài 4

a) x² - 9 = 0

x² = 9

x = 3 hoặc x = -3

b) (x - 4)² - 36 = 0

(x - 4 - 6)(x - 4 + 6) = 0

(x - 10)(x + 2) = 0

x - 10 = 0 hoặc x + 2 = 0

*) x - 10 = 0

x = 10

*) x + 2 = 0

x = -2

Vậy x = -2; x = 10

c) x² - 10x = -25

x² - 10x + 25 = 0

(x - 5)² = 0

x - 5 = 0

x = 5

d) x² + 5x + 6 = 0

x² + 2x + 3x + 6 = 0

(x² + 2x) + (3x + 6) = 0

x(x + 2) + 3(x + 2) = 0

(x + 2)(x + 3) = 0

x + 2 = 0 hoặc x + 3 = 0

*) x + 2 = 0

x = -2

*) x + 3 = 0

x = -3

Vậy x = -3; x = -2

a ) x=0; x = -(căn bậc hai(7)*i-3)/8;x = (căn bậc hai(7)*i+3)/8;

b ) -(y-x-3)*(y+x+3)

a) \(12x^3-9x^2+3x\)

\(=3x\left(4x^2-3x+1\right)\)

b) \(x^2-y^2+6x+9\)

\(=\left(x^2+6x+9\right)-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+3\right)^2-y^2\)

\(=\left(x+y+3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)