- PT: a, \(2KMnO_4+16HCl\rightarrow2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\) (1)

\(MnO_2+4HCl_đ\underrightarrow{t^o}MnCl_2+Cl_2+2H_2O\) (2) 

- Ta có: \(n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT (1): \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{5}{16}n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=0,125\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_1=0,125.22,4=2,8\left(l\right)\)

(2): \(n_{Cl_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_2=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{22,12-21,16}{32}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{22,12}{158}=0,14\left(mol\right)\)

Mn⁺⁷ + 5e --> Mn⁺²

0,14-->0,7

2O^-2 - 4e --> O₂⁰

         0,12<--0,03

2Cl^- - 2e --> Cl₂⁰

          2a<---a

Bảo toàn e: 2a + 0,12 = 0,7

=> a = 0,29 (mol)

=> V_Cl2 = 0,29.22,4 = 6,496 (l)

1:

a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

______0,2------>0,2------------------->0,2_____(mol)

=> \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

b) \(V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)\)

2:

a) 

\(n_{HCl}=2.0,2=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

______0,2<------0,4------------------>0,2______(mol)

=> \(m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8\left(g\right)\)

b) \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

2KMnO4 + 16HCl → 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O

0,1--------------------------------------------------0,25 mol

n KMnO4=\(\dfrac{15,8}{158}\)=0,1 mol

Hao hụt 10%

=>VCl2=0,25.22,4.90%=5,04l

a, PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Dung dịch a gồm HCl dư và FeCl₂.

PT: \(HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)

\(FeCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}+2NaCl\)

Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}+2n_{FeCl_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a=C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,2}=2,5M\)

c, \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

\(13,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{16,8}{56}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ .....0,3.....0,6......0,3......0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ 14,n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{25}{40+12+16\cdot3}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\\ .....0,25.....0,5......0,25......0,25......0,25\left(mol\right)\\ V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,25\cdot22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

200ml = 0,2l

\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Pt : \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2|\)

        1         2              1           1

     0,3      0,6             0,3        0,3

a) \(n_{ZnCl2}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(C_{M_{ZnCl2}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5\left(M\right)\)

b) \(n_{H2}=\dfrac{0,3.1}{1}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(V_{H2\left(dktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)

c) Pt : \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O|\)

              1            1              1            1

            0,6          0,6

\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,6.1}{1}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{NaOH}=0,6.40=24\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddNaOH}=\dfrac{24.100}{20}=120\left(g\right)\)

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