CMR: với mọi số thực x, y, z thì: \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)^3-\left(y^2+z^2\right)^3+\left(z^2-x^2\right)^3=3.\left(x^2+y^2\right).\left(y^2+z^2\right).\left(x^2-z^2\right)\)
1. Cho các số x, y, z thỏa mãn : (x + y)(y + z)(z + x) = 4. CMR: \(\left(x^2-y^2\right)^3\)+ \(\left(y^2-z^2\right)^3\)+ \(\left(z^2-x^2\right)^3\)= 12 (x - y)(y - z)(z - x)
2. Rút gọn: \(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^3+\left(y-z\right)^3+\left(z-x\right)^3}{\left(x^2-y^2\right)^3+\left(y^2-z^2\right)^3+\left(z^2-x^2\right)^3}\) biết (x + y)(y + z)(z + x) = 1
3. Cho a, b, c ≠ 0 thỏa mãn: a + b + c = \(a^2+b^2+c^2\) = 2. CMR: \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=\dfrac{1}{abc}\)
MONG MN GIẢI GIÚP EM Ạ!!! EM ĐANG CẦN GẤP ! CẢM ƠN MN NHIỀU
Hầy mình không nghĩ lớp 7 đã phải làm những bài biến đổi như thế này. Cái này phù hợp với lớp 8-9 hơn.
1.
Đặt $x^2-y^2=a; y^2-z^2=b; z^2-x^2=c$.
Khi đó: $a+b+c=0\Rightarrow a+b=-c$
$\text{VT}=a^3+b^3+c^3=(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3$
$=(-c)^3-3ab(-c)+c^3=3abc$
$=3(x^2-y^2)(y^2-z^2)(z^2-x^2)$
$=3(x-y)(x+y)(y-z)(y+z)(z-x)(z+x)$
$=3(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)$
$=3.4(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)=12(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)$
Ta có đpcm.
Bài 2:
Áp dụng kết quả của bài 1:
Mẫu:
$(x^2-y^2)^3+(y^2-z^2)^3+(z^2-x^2)^3=3(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)(x+y)(y+z)(z+x)=3(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)(1)$
Tử:
Đặt $x-y=a; y-z=b; z-x=c$ thì $a+b+c=0$
$(x-y)^3+(y-z)^3+(z-x)^3=a^3+b^3+c^3$
$=(a+b)^3-3ab(a+b)+c^3=(-c)^3-3ab(-c)+c^3=3abc$
$=3(x-y)(y-z)(z-x)(2)$
Từ $(1);(2)$ suy ra \(\frac{(x-y)^3+(y-z)^3+(z-x)^3}{(x^2-y^2)^3+(y^2-z^2)^3+(z^2-x^2)^3}=1\)
Bài 3:
\(ab+bc+ac=\frac{(a+b+c)^2-(a^2+b^2+c^2)}{2}=\frac{2^2-2}{2}=1\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{ab+bc+ac}{abc}=\frac{1}{abc}\)
Ta có đpcm.
thực hiện phép tính
a,\(x^3+\left[\frac{x\left(2y^3-x^3\right)}{x^3+y^3}\right]^3-\left[\frac{y\left(2x^3-y^3\right)}{x^3+y^3}\right]^3\)
b,\(\frac{\frac{x\left(x+y\right)}{x-y}+\frac{x\left(x+z\right)}{x-z}}{1+\frac{\left(y-z\right)^2}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}}+\frac{\frac{y\left(y+z\right)}{y-z}+\frac{y\left(y+x\right)}{y-x}}{1+\frac{\left(z-x\right)^2}{\left(y-z\right)\left(y-x\right)}}+\frac{\frac{z\left(z+x\right)}{z-x}+\frac{z\left(z+y\right)}{z-y}}{1+\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}}\)
c,\(\left[\frac{y+z-2x}{\frac{\left(y-z\right)^3}{y^3-z^3}+\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)}{y^2+yz+z^2}}+\frac{z+x-2y}{\frac{\left(z-x\right)^3}{z^3-x^3}+\frac{\left(y-z\right)\left(y-x\right)}{z^2+xz+x^2}}+\frac{x+y-2z}{\frac{\left(x-y\right)^3}{x^3-y^3}+\frac{\left(z-x\right)\left(z-y\right)}{x^2+xy+y^2}}\right]:\frac{1}{x+y+z}\)
cho 3 số thực x,y,z sao cho x+y+z=1 CMR
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\frac{1}{2}\left(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right)\)
VT=\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3x^2y-3xy^2-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\right]-3xy.\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right).z+z^2-3xy\left(\text{vì }x+y+z=1\right)\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^3-3xy\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left[\left(x^2-2xy-y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(x^2-2xz+z^2\right)\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]\)=VP
=>dpcm
Ta có : \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz\)
\(=x+y+z\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+xz+yz\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)\)
\(=x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz=\frac{\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)+\left(z^2-2xz+x^2\right)}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]\)
Cho x, y, z là các số thực bất kì. Chứng minh rằng:
a) \(\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)\left(z^2+1\right)\ge\left(xy+yz+zx-1\right)^2\)
b) \(\left(x^2+2\right)\left(y^2+2\right)\left(z^2+2\right)\ge3\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
c) \(\left(x^3+3\right)\left(y^3+3\right)\left(z^3+3\right)\ge4\left(x+y+z+1\right)^2\)
Cmr
a) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=x^3-1\)
b)\(\left(x^3+x^2y+xy^2+y^3\right)\left(x-y\right)=x^4-y^4\)
c) \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx\)
d) \(\left(x+y+z\right)^3=x^3+y^3+z^3+3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\)
Câu a :
\(VT=\) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=x^3-1^3=VP\)
Câu b :
\(VT=\)\(\left(x^3+x^2y+xy^2+y^3\right)\left(x-y\right)=x^4-y^4=VP\)
Tương tự bạn khai triển là ra nhé
a) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
=\(x^3+x^2+x-x^2-x-1=x^3-1\)
\(\RightarrowĐPCM\)
b)\(\left(x^3+x^2y+xy^2+y^3\right)\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=x^4-x^3y+x^3y-x^2y^2+x^2y^2-xy^3+xy^3-y^4=x^4-y^4\)
c)(x+y+z)2 = [(x + y) + z]2 = (x + y)2 + 2(x + y)z + z2
= x2+ 2xy + y2 + 2xz + 2yz + z2
= x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xy + 2yz + 2xz
1.Cho x+y+z=0. CMR:
a) \(5\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=6\left(x^5+y^5+z^5\right)\)
b) \(x^7+y^7+z^7=7xyz\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\right)\)
c) \(10\left(x^7+y^7+z^7\right)=7\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(x^5+y^5+z^5\right)\)
d) \(2\left(x^5+y^5+z^5\right)=5xyz\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)
2. Tìm n∈ N để biểu thức sau là số nguyên tố
a) \(A=n^3-4n^2-4n-1\)
b) \(B=n^3-6n^2+9n-2\)
c) \(C=n^{1975}+n^{1973}+1\)
Vì bài dài nên mình sẽ tách ra nhé.
1a. Ta có:
$x^2+y^2+z^2=(x+y+z)^2-2(xy+yz+xz)=-2(xy+yz+xz)$
$x^3+y^3+z^3=(x+y+z)^3-3(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)=-3(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)$
$=-3(-z)(-x)(-y)=3xyz$
$\Rightarrow \text{VT}=-30xyz(xy+yz+xz)(1)$
------------------------
$x^5+y^5=(x^2+y^2)(x^3+y^3)-x^2y^2(x+y)$
$=[(x+y)^2-2xy][(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)]-x^2y^2(x+y)$
$=(z^2-2xy)(-z^3+3xyz)+x^2y^2z$
$=-z^5+3xyz^3+2xyz^3-6x^2y^2z+x^2y^2z$
$=-z^5+5xyz^3-5x^2y^2z$
$\Rightarrow 6(x^5+y^5+z^5)=6(5xyz^3-5x^2y^2z)$
$=30xyz(z^2-xy)=30xyz[z(-x-y)-xy]=-30xyz(xy+yz+xz)(2)$
Từ $(1);(2)$ ta có đpcm.
1b.
$x^4+y^4=(x^2+y^2)^2-2x^2y^2=[(x+y)^2-2xy]^2-2x^2y^2$
$=(z^2-2xy)^2-2x^2y^2=z^4+2x^2y^2-4xyz^2$
$x^3+y^3=(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)=-z^3+3xyz$
Do đó:
$x^7+y^7=(x^4+y^4)(x^3+y^3)-x^3y^3(x+y)$
$=(z^4+2x^2y^2-4xyz^2)(-z^3+3xyz)+x^3y^3z$
$=7x^3y^3z-14x^2y^2z^3+7xyz^5-z^7$
$\Rightarrow \text{VT}=7x^3y^3z-14x^2y^2z^3+7xyz^5$
$=7xyz(x^2y^2-2xyz^2+z^4)$
$=7xyz(xy-z^2)$
$=7xyz[xy+z(x+y)]^2=7xyz(xy+yz+xz)^2$
$=7xyz[x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+2xyz(x+y+z)]$
$=7xyz(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2)$ (đpcm)
1c. Sử dụng kq phần a,b:
\(10(x^7+y^7+z^7)=70xyz(xy+yz+xz)^2\)
\(=-35xyz(xy+yz+xz).-2(xy+yz+xz)=-35xyz(x+y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2)\)
\(=\frac{7}{6}.-30xyz(xy+yz+xz)(x^2+y^2+z^2)=\frac{7}{6}.6(x^5+y^5+z^5).(x^2+y^2+z^2)\)
\(=7(x^5+y^5+z^5)(x^2+y^2+z^5)\)
(đpcm)
1d. Áp dụng kq phần a
$6(x^5+y^5+z^5)=-30xyz(xy+y+xz)=15xyz.-2(xy+yz+xz)=15xyz(x^2+y^2+z^2)$
$\Rightarrow 2(x^5+y^5+z^5)=5xyz(x^2+y^2+z^2)$ (đpcm)
Cho x , y , z
\(\left(x-y\right)^2\)+\(\left(y-z\right)^2\)+\(\left(z-x\right)^2\)=\(\left(x+y-2z\right)^2\)+\(\left(y+z-2x\right)^2+\left(z+x-2y\right)^2\)
cmr: x=y=z
Phân tích vế trái ta được: 2(x2 + y2 + z2 − (xy + yz + zx)
Phân tích vế phải ta được: 6(x2 + y2 + z2 − (xy + yz + zx)
Vì VT = VP nên VP - VT=0
→ 4(x2 + y2 + z2 − (xy + yz + zx)) = 0
→2(2 (x2 + y2 + z2 − (xy + yz + zx))) = 0
→2((x − y)2 + (y − z)2 + (z − x)2) = 0
→(x − y)2 + (y − z)2 + (z − x)2 = 0
→(x − y)2 = 0; (y − z)2 = 0; (z − x)2 = 0
→x = y = z
1rút gọn\(\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2}\)biết rằng x+y+z=0
2 rút gọn các phân thức
a,\(\frac{x^3-y^3+z^3+3xyz}{\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(y+z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
b,\(\frac{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
Chứng minh với mọi x,y,z dương thì :
\(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\le3\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\)
Ta có : \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\le3\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)-x^2\left(y+z\right)-y^2\left(x+z\right)-z^2\left(x+y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-y\right)+x^2\left(x-z\right)+y^2\left(y-x\right)+y^2\left(y-z\right)+z^2\left(z-x\right)+z^2\left(z-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)+\left(y-z\right)\left(y^2-z^2\right)+\left(z-x\right)\left(z^2-x^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)+\left(y-z\right)^2\left(y+z\right)+\left(z-x\right)^2\left(z+x\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng vì x,y,z > 0)
Vậy bđt ban đầu được chứng minh
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki cho 3 số dương ,ta có:
(x2+y2+z2)(1+1+1)\(\ge\)(x+y+z)2
↔3(x2+y2+z2)\(\ge\)(x+y+z)2 (dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z)