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c) 22/5 + 51/9 + 11/4 + 3/5 + 1/3 + 1/4
= 22/5 +3/5 +51/9 + 1/3 +11/4+1/4
= (22/5 +3/5) +(51/9 + 3/9) +(11/4+1/4)
= 25/5 +54/9 +12/4
= 5 +6 +3
= 14
d) (1/6 + 1/10 + 1/15) : (1/6 + 1/10 - 1/15) 
= (5/30 + 3/30 +2/30 ) :(5/30 +3/30 -2/30)
= 10/30 : 6/30
= 1/3 : 1/5
= 5/3

Ta có : \(\frac{x^2-2008}{2007}+\frac{x^2-2007}{2006}+\frac{x^2-2006}{2005}=\frac{x^2-2005}{2004}+\frac{x^2-2004}{2003}+\frac{x^2-2003}{2002}\)

=> \(\frac{x^2-2008}{2007}+1+\frac{x^2-2007}{2006}+1+\frac{x^2-2006}{2005}+1=\frac{x^2-2005}{2004}+1+\frac{x^2-2004}{2003}+1+\frac{x^2-2003}{2002}+1\)

=> \(\frac{x^2-2008}{2007}+\frac{2007}{2007}+\frac{x^2-2007}{2006}+\frac{2006}{2006}+\frac{x^2-2006}{2005}+\frac{2005}{2005}=\frac{x^2-2005}{2004}+\frac{2004}{2004}+\frac{x^2-2004}{2003}+\frac{2003}{2003}+\frac{x^2-2003}{2002}+\frac{2002}{2002}\)

=> \(\frac{x^2-1}{2007}+\frac{x^2-1}{2006}+\frac{x^2-1}{2005}=\frac{x^2-1}{2004}+\frac{x^2-1}{2003}+\frac{x^2-1}{2002}\)

=> \(\frac{x^2-1}{2007}+\frac{x^2-1}{2006}+\frac{x^2-1}{2005}-\frac{x^2-1}{2004}-\frac{x^2-1}{2003}-\frac{x^2-1}{2002}=0\)

=> \(\left(x^2-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{2007}+\frac{1}{2006}+\frac{1}{2005}-\frac{1}{2004}-\frac{1}{2003}-\frac{1}{2002}\right)=0\)

=> \(x^2-1=0\)

=> \(x^2=1\)

=> \(x=\pm1\)

Vậy phương trình có 2 nghiệm là x = 1, x = -1 .

BPT \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+1987}{2002}+\dfrac{x+1988}{2003}-\dfrac{x+1989}{2004}+\dfrac{x+1990}{2005}>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x+1987}{2002}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x+1988}{2003}-1\right)-\left(\dfrac{x+1989}{2004}-1\right)-\left(\dfrac{x+1990}{2005}-1\right)>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-15}{2002}+\dfrac{x-15}{2003}-\dfrac{x-15}{2004}-\dfrac{x-15}{2005}>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-15\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2002}+\dfrac{1}{2003}-\dfrac{1}{2004}-\dfrac{1}{2005}\right)>0\)

Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2002}+\dfrac{1}{2003}-\dfrac{1}{2004}-\dfrac{1}{2005}>0\)

\(\Rightarrow x-15>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x>15\)

Vậy bpt có nghiệm x > 15

\(\dfrac{x+1987}{2002}+\dfrac{x+1988}{2003}-2>\dfrac{x+1989}{2004}+\dfrac{x+1990}{2005}-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x+1987}{2002}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x+1988}{2003}-1\right)\)

\(-\left(\dfrac{x+1989}{2004}-1\right)-\left(\dfrac{x+1990}{2005}-1\right)\)

quy đồng lên ta được:

\(\left(\dfrac{x+1987-2002}{2002}\right)+\left(\dfrac{x-1998-2003}{2003}\right)\)

\(-\left(\dfrac{x+1989-2004}{2004}\right)-\left(\dfrac{x+1990-2005}{2005}\right)>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x-15}{2002}\right)+\left(\dfrac{x-15}{2003}\right)-\left(\dfrac{x-15}{2004}\right)-\left(\dfrac{x-15}{2005}\right)>0\)

đặt nhân tử chung ta được:

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-15\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2002}+\dfrac{1}{2003}-\dfrac{1}{2004}-\dfrac{1}{2005}\right)>0\)

Vì:

\(\left(\dfrac{1}{2002}+\dfrac{1}{2003}-\dfrac{1}{2004}-\dfrac{1}{2005}\in Z\right)\) nên ta xét \(x-15>0\Rightarrow x>15\)

Kí hiệu bất phương trình là (*). Ta có:

(*) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\dfrac{x+1987}{2002}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x+1988}{2003}-1\right)>\left(\dfrac{x+1989}{2004}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{x+1990}{2005}-1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-15}{2002}+\dfrac{x-15}{2003}-\dfrac{x-15}{2004}-\dfrac{x-15}{2005}>0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+15\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{2002}+\dfrac{1}{2003}-\dfrac{1}{2004}-\dfrac{1}{2005}\right)\)

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{1}{2002}>\dfrac{1}{2004}\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2002}-\dfrac{1}{2004}>0\\ \dfrac{1}{2003}>\dfrac{1}{2005}>\dfrac{1}{2003}-\dfrac{1}{2005}>0\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2002}+\dfrac{1}{2003}-\dfrac{1}{2004}-\dfrac{1}{2005}>0\)

\(\Rightarrow\)(*) \(\Leftrightarrow x-15>0\Leftrightarrow x>15\)

Tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{x|x>15\right\}\)

Với x = 2005 ta có

\(x^{2005}-2006x^{2004}+2006x^{2003}-2006x^{2002}+...-2006x^2+2006x-1\)

\(=\left(x^{2005}-2005x^{2004}\right)-\left(x^{2004}-2005^{2003}\right)+\left(x^{2003}-2005x^{2002}\right)-...-\left(x^2-2005x\right)+\left(x-2005\right)+2006\)

\(=\left(x-2005\right)\left(x^{2004}-x^{2003}+x^{2002}-...-x+1\right)+2006=2006\).