\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{4}{80}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{ct}=\dfrac{3,65.200}{100}=7,3\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

a) Pt : \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O|\)

             1             2            1           1

           0,05        0,2         0,05

b) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{2}\)

                       ⇒ CuO phản ứng hết , HCl dư

                       ⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của CuO

\(n_{CuCl2}=\dfrac{0,05.1}{1}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{CuCl2}=0,05.135=6,75\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,2-\left(0,05.2\right)=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)

\(m_{ddspu}=4+200=204\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{CuCl2}=\dfrac{6,75.100}{204}=3,31\)⁰/₀

\(C_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{3,65.100}{204}=1,8\)⁰/₀

 Chúc bạn học tốt

Bài 2:

a) PTHH: \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)

b) Dung dịch A là dung dịch bazơ

Ta có: \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{3,1}{62}=0,05\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{1}=0,1\left(M\right)\)

c) Sửa đề: dd H₂SO₄ 9,8%

PTHH: \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot98}{9,8\%}=50\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{50}{1,14}\approx43,86\left(ml\right)\)

Bài 1:

PTHH: \(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot19,6\%}{98}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit còn dư

\(\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot160}{200+16}\cdot100\%\approx14,81\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot98}{200+16}\cdot100\%\approx9,07\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\text{1)}m_{KOH}=40.35\%=14\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{KOH}=\dfrac{14}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\\ \text{Theo pthh}:n_{HCl}=n_{KOH}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=0,25.0,5=0,125\left(l\right)\)

\(\text{2)}n_{Al}=\dfrac{4,05}{27}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=200.14,7\%=29,4\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{29,4}{98}=0,3\\ \text{PTHH}:2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\\ \text{LTL}:\dfrac{0,15}{2}< \dfrac{0,3}{3}\rightarrow H_2SO_4\text{ dư}\)

\(\text{Theo pthh}:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,15=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=0,225\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,15=0,075\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow m_{dd\left(\text{sau phản ứng}\right)}=200+4,05-0,3.2=203,45\left(g\right)\)

\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{H_2SO_4\text{ dư}}=\dfrac{\left(0,3-0,225\right).98}{203,45}=3,61\%\\C\%_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{342.0,075}{203,45}=12,61\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a,PTHH:Fe+CuSO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+Cu\\ b,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1,96}{56}=0,035\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=0,035\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{CuSO_4}}=0,035\cdot160=5,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{CuSO_4}}=\dfrac{5,6\cdot100\%}{10\%}=56\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Cu}=n_{Fe}=0,035\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CT_{FeSO_4}}=0,035\cdot152=5,32\left(g\right)\\m_{Cu}=0,035\cdot64=2,24\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{FeSO_4}}=1,96+56-2,24=55,72\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{5,32}{55,72}\cdot100\%\approx9,55\%\)

a, \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)

b, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{MgSO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)

c, \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{19,6\%}=50\left(g\right)\)

d, Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = 2,4 + 50 - 0,1.2 = 52,2 (g)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.120}{52,2}.100\%\approx22,99\%\)

\(a,PTHH:Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ b,n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{15,9}{106}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{HCl}}=0,3\cdot36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{200}\cdot100\%=5,475\%\\ c,n_{CO_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{CO_2\left(đkc\right)}=0,15\cdot24,79=3,7185\left(l\right)\\ d,m_{CO_2}=0,15\cdot44=6,6\left(g\right)\\ n_{NaCl}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{H_2O}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CT_{NaCl}}=0,3\cdot58,5=17,55\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2O}=0,15\cdot18=2,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ m_{dd_{NaCl}}=15,9+200-2,7-6,6=206,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{17,55}{206,6}\cdot100\%\approx8,49\%\)

Ta có: \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{H_2SO_4}=200.19,6\%=39,2\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{39,2}{98}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

a, PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

b, Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{3}\), ta được H₂SO₄ dư.

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=3n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ n_{H2SO4 (dư)} = 0,4 - 0,3 = 0,1 (mol)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = m_Fe2O3 + m _{dd H2SO4} = 16 + 200 = 216 (g)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.400}{216}.100\%\approx18,52\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{216}.100\%\approx4,54\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn tham khảo nhé!

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot19.6\%}{98}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

\(LTL:\dfrac{0.1}{1}< \dfrac{0.4}{3}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\)

\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=16+200=216\left(g\right)\)

\(C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0.1\cdot400}{216}\cdot100\%=18.51\%\)

\(C\%_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{\left(0.4-0.2\right)\cdot98}{216}\cdot100\%=9.1\%\)

\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200.19,6\%}{98}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2O\)

Theo đề : 0,1.........0,4

Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{3}\)=> Sau phản ứng H2SO4 dư, Fe2O3 phản ứng hết

=> Dung dịch sau phản ứng gồm Fe2(SO4)3 và H2SO4 dư

m_{dd sau phản ứng} =16+200=216(g)

=>\(C\%_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,1.400}{216}=18,52\%\)

\(C\%_{H_2SO_4dư}=\dfrac{\left(0,4-0,1.3\right).98}{216}=0,45\%\)

a)PTHH: ZnCl2+2KOH---->Zn(OH)2+2KCl

b)

mZnCl2=204.10100=20,4(g)ZnCl2=204.10100=20,4(g)

nZnCl2=20,4136=0,15(mol)ZnCl2=20,4136=0,15(mol)

nKOH=112.20%56=0,4(mol)KOH=112.20%56=0,4(mol)

=> 0,15/1 <  0,4/1=> KOH dư

Theo pthh, ta có :

nCu(OH)2=nZnCl2=0,15(mol)Cu(OH)2=nZnCl2=0,15(mol)

mCu(OH)2=0,15.98=14,7(g)Cu(OH)2=0,15.98=14,7(g)

c) m dd sau pư=204+112=316(g)

Theo pthh

nKOH=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)KOH=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)

C% KOH=

nKCl=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)KCl=2nZnCl2=0,3(mol)

C% KCl=