\(Fe\left(a\right)+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2\left(a\right)+H_2\)

\(Mg\left(1-a\right)+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2\left(1-a\right)+H_2\)

Đặt tổng số mol hỗn hợp là 1 mol.

Gọi a là số mol của Fe trong hỗn hợp trên (a < 1 )

=> \(n_{Mg}=\left(1-a\right)\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_X=56a+\left(1-a\right)24=32a+24\left(g\right)\)

Theo PTHH \(n_{HCl}=2n_{hh}=2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=73\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=365\left(g\right)\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{hh}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=2\left(g\right)\)

\(m dd sau = 32a+24+365-2=32a+387(g)\)

Theo đề, ta có: \(15,757=\dfrac{127a.100}{32a+387}\)

\(\Rightarrow a=0,5\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{MgCl_2}=1-a\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{95\left(1-a\right).100}{32a+387}=\dfrac{95\left(1-0,5\right).100}{32.0,5+387}=11,7866\%\)

\(a.Mg+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\\ b.Giả.sử:có:100g.dd.HCl\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{20\%.100}{36,5}=\dfrac{40}{73}mol\\ n_{Fe}=a;n_{Mg}=b\\ 2a+2b=\dfrac{40}{73}\\ BTKL:m_{ddsau}=56a+24b+100-2\left(a+b\right)=54a+22b+100\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{95b}{54a+22b+100}=\dfrac{11,787}{100}\\ -54a+783,97b=100\\ a=b=0,137\left(mol\right)\\ C\%FeCl_2=\dfrac{0,137\cdot127}{\dfrac{95\cdot0,137}{11,787\%}}\cdot100\%=15,757\%\)

a,Giả sử m_ddHCl = 36,5 (g) \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{36,5.0,2}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂

Mol:     a         2a          a         a

PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

Mol:       b         2b           b         b

Ta có: \(2a+2b=0,2\Leftrightarrow a+b=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

m_{dd D} = 56a+24b+36,5-(a+b).2 = 56a+24b+36,3 (g)

\(C\%_{ddFeCl_2}=\dfrac{127a.100\%}{56a+24b+36,3}=15,757\%\)

\(\Leftrightarrow127a=8,82392a+3,78168b+5,719791\)

\(\Leftrightarrow118,17608a-3,78168b=5,719791\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,1\\118,17608a-3,78168b=5,719791\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,05\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(C\%_{ddMgCl_2}=\dfrac{95.0,05.100\%}{56.0,05+24.0,05+36,3}=11,79\%\)

Chọn đáp án B

L ấ y   1   m o l F e :   x   m o l M g : x - 1   m o l

F e + 2 H C l → F e C l 2 + H 2 ↑ x                 2 x                       x                       x

M g       +       2 H C l       →       M g C l 2         +       H 2 ↑ 1 - x         2 1 - x                 1 - x                   1 - x

n H 2 = 1   m o l ,       n H C l = 2   m o l ⇒ m d d H C l = 2 . 36 , 5 . 100 20 = 365 g m d d Y = 56 x + 24 1 - x + 365 - 1 . 2 = 387 + 32 x

C % F e C l 2 = 127 x 387 + 32 x . 100 % = 15 , 76 % ⇒ x = 0 , 5   m o l ⇒ C % M g C l 2 = 95 . 0 , 5 387 + 32 . 0 , 5 . 100 % = 11 , 79 %

Đáp án B

Fe+2HCl → FeCl₂ + H₂

a      2a           a           a

Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂+H₂

b         2b         b         b

m_{chất rắn X} = 56a + 24b ; m_ddHCl = 36,5/20% .2.(a + b) = 365(a + b)

⇒ m_{ddsau pư} = 56a + 24b + 365(a + b) – 2(a + b) = 419a + 387b

.100 = 15,76

Giải PT ⇒ a = b  ⇒ .100 = 11,79%

a, PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

b, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}+2n_{Mg}=2x+2y\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}+n_{Mg}=x+y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=36,5.\left(2x+2y\right)=73\left(x+y\right)\left(g\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{73\left(x+y\right)}{20\%}=365\left(x+y\right)\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: m _{dd sau pư} = m_Fe + m_Mg + m _{dd HCl} - m_H2 = 56x + 24y + 365.(x+y) - 2.(x+y) = 419x + 387y (g)

Theo PT: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=y\left(mol\right)\)

\(C\%_{MgCl_2}=11,87\%\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{95y}{419x+387y}=0,1187\) 

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=0,9865\Rightarrow x=0,9865y\)

Theo PT: \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=x\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127x}{419x+387y}.100\%=\dfrac{127.0,9865y}{419.0,9865y+387y}.100\%\approx15,65\%\) 

\(Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2=H_2\\ Mg+2HCl->MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=a;n_{Mg}=b\\ m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{36,5.2\left(a+b\right)}{0,25}=292\left(a+b\right)\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddD}=292\left(a+b\right)+24a+56b-2\left(a+b\right)=314a+346b\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{127a}{314a+346b}=\dfrac{16,61}{100}\\ a=0,768b\\ \%m_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{95b}{314a+346b}.100\%=\dfrac{95b}{314.0,768b+346b}.100\%=16,18\%\)

Giả sử có 365g dung dịch HCl

\(m_{HCl}=365.20\%=73\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{HCl}=\frac{73}{36,5}=2\)

Gọi công thức chung của kim loại là R

\(R+2HCl\rightarrow RCl_2+H_2\)

1____2______1___________

Gọi số mol: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Fe:a\left(mol\right)\\Mg:b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(a+b=1\left(1\right)\)

\(\frac{127a}{56a+24b+365-1.2}=15,76\%\)

\(\Leftrightarrow127a=8,8256+3,7825b+57,2088\)

\(\Rightarrow118,1744-3,7824b=57,2088\left(2\right)\)

\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,5\\b=0,5\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(C\%_{MgCl2}=\frac{0,5.95}{365+56.0,5+24.0,5-1.2}.100\%=11,79\%\)