PT: \(2M+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MCl_3\)

\(n_M=\dfrac{10,8}{M_M}\left(mol\right)\), \(n_{MCl_3}=\dfrac{53,4}{M_M+35,5.3}\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_M=n_{MCl_3}\Rightarrow\dfrac{10,8}{M_M}=\dfrac{53,4}{M_M+35,5.3}\Rightarrow M_M=27\left(g/mol\right)\)

Vậy: M là Al.

Chọn đáp án C

2M     +    3 C l 2       →     2 M C l 3

10 , 8 M                                 53 , 4 M + 106 , 5             

⇒ 10 , 8 M   = 53 , 4 M + 106 , 5  → M = 56 (Fe)

$2M + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2MCl_3$

Theo PTHH : 

$n_M = n_{MCl_3} \Rightarrow \dfrac{10,8}{M} = \dfrac{53,4}{M + 35,5.3}$

$\Rightarrow M = 27(Al)$
 

\(PTHH:2R+xCl_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2RCl_x\\ \Rightarrow n_{R}=n_{RCl_x}\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{10,8}{M_R}=\dfrac{53,4}{M_R+35,5x}\\ \Rightarrow 42,6M_R=383,4x\\ \Rightarrow M_R=9x\)

Thay \(x=3\Rightarrow M_R=27(g/mol)\)

Vậy R là nhôm (Al)

2M + 3Cl₂ → 2MCl₃

\(n_M=\dfrac{10,8}{M_M}\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{MCl_3}=\dfrac{53,4}{M_M+106,5}\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_M=n_{MCl_3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{10,8}{M_M}=\dfrac{53,4}{M_M+106,5}\)

\(\Rightarrow53,4M_M=10,8M_M+1150,2\)

\(\Rightarrow42,6M_M=1150,2\)

\(\Rightarrow M_M=27\)

Vậy M là kim loại nhôm Al

Đánh giá 5 sao nhé

Bài 1:

\(n_M=\dfrac{16}{M_M}\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2M + O₂ --t^o--> 2MO

         \(\dfrac{16}{M_M}\)---------->\(\dfrac{16}{M_M}\)

=> \(\dfrac{16}{M_M}\left(M_M+16\right)=20\)

=> M_M = 64 (g/mol)

=> M là Cu

Bài 2:

\(n_R=\dfrac{16,2}{M_R}\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2R + 3Cl₂ --t^o--> 2RCl₃

          \(\dfrac{16,2}{M_R}\)------------>\(\dfrac{16,2}{M_R}\)

=> \(\dfrac{16,2}{M_R}\left(M_R+106,5\right)=80,1\)

=> M_R = 27 (g/mol)

=> R là Al

 1 
ADDDLBTKL ta có
\(m_{O_2}=m_{MO}-m_M\\ m_{O_2}=20-16=4g\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{32}=0,125\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:2M+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MO\) 
            0,25   0,125 
\(M_M=\dfrac{16}{0,25}=64\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\) 
=> M là Cu 
2 
ADĐLBTKL ta có 
\(m_{Cl_2}=m_{RCl_3}-m_R\\ m_{Cl_2}=80,1-16,2=63,9g\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{63,9}{71}=0,9\left(mol\right)\\ pthh:2R+3Cl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2RCl_3\) 
            0,6   0,9 
\(M_R=\dfrac{16,2}{0,6}=27\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\) 
=> R là Al

\(1 ) 2M+O_2\rightarrow 2MO n_M=n_{MO}\Leftrightarrow \dfrac{16}{M_M}=\dfrac{20}{m_M+16} \Rightarrow m_m = 64(g/mol) \rightarrow M : Cu \)

\(2) 2R+3Cl_2\rightarrow 2RCl_3 n_R=nn_{RCl_3}\Leftrightarrow \dfrac{16,2}{M_R}=\dfrac{80,1}{M_R+35,5.3}\Rightarrow M_R = 27(g/mol)\rightarrow R:Al \)

\(n_R=\dfrac{2,275}{M_R}\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: R + Cl₂ --t^o--> RCl₂

___\(\dfrac{2,275}{M_R}\)---------->\(\dfrac{2,275}{M_R}\)

=> \(\dfrac{2,275}{M_R}\left(M_R+71\right)=4,76\)

=> M_R = 65 (g/mol)

=> R là Zn

Câu 11 :

Gọi $n_{CuO} = a(mol) ; n_{Fe_2O_3} = b(mol)$

$\Rightarrow 80a + 160b = 20(1)$

$CuO + 2HCl \to CuCl_2 + H_2O$
$Fe_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2FeCl_3 + 3H_2O$

Theo PTHH :

$n_{HCl} = 2a + 6b = 0,2.3,5 = 0,7(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra  a= 0,05 ; b = 0,1

Ta có :

$\%m_{CuO} = \dfrac{0,05.80}{20}.100\% = 20\%$

$\%m_{Fe_2O_3} = 100\% -20\% = 80\%$

Đáp án B

Câu 10 : Sửa $1,8 \to 8,1$

Gọi kim loại cần tìm là R

$2R + 3Cl_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2RCl_3$

Theo PTHH :

$n_R = n_{RCl_3}$

$⇒ \dfrac{8,1}{R} = \dfrac{40,05}{R + 35,5.3}$

$⇒ R = 27(Al)$

Đáp án B

Câu 12 :

Gọi $n_{CaO} = a(mol) ; n_{CaCO_3} = b(mol)$

$\Rightarrow 56a + 100b = 11,7(1)$

$CaO + 2HCl \to CaCl_2  + H_2O$
$CaCO_3 + 2HCl \to CaCl_2 + CO_2 + H_2O$

$n_{HCl} = 2a + 2b = 0,1.3 = 0,3(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra  a = b = 0,075

Theo PTHH : 

$n_{CaCl_2} = a + b = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{CaCl_2} =0,15.111 = 16,65(gam)$

Đáp án A