1.

\(\sin ^8x-\cos ^8x=(\sin ^4x+\cos ^4x)(\sin ^4x-\cos ^4x)\)

\(=[(\sin ^2x+\cos ^2x)^2-2\sin ^2x\cos ^2x](\sin ^2x+\cos ^2x)(\sin ^2x-\cos ^2x)\)

\(=(1-2\sin ^2x\cos ^2x)(\sin ^2x-\cos ^2x)\)

\(=(1-\frac{\sin ^22x}{2})(-\cos 2x)=-\frac{(2-\sin ^22x)\cos 2x}{2}=-\frac{(1+\cos ^22x)\cos 2x}{2}\) (1)

\(-(\frac{7}{8}\cos 2x+\frac{1}{8}\cos 6x)=\frac{-7}{8}\cos 2x-\frac{1}{8}(4\cos ^32x-3\cos 2x)=-\frac{\cos 2x+\cos ^32x}{2}\)

\(=\frac{-\cos 2x(\cos ^22x+1)}{2}\) (2)

Từ $(1);(2)$ ta có đpcm.

2.

\(\text{VP}=\frac{1}{32}(2+\cos 2x-2\cos 4x-\cos 6x)\)

\(=\frac{1}{32}[2+\cos 2x-2(2\cos ^22x-1)-(4\cos ^32x-3\cos 2x)]\)

\(=\frac{1}{8}(-\cos ^32x-\cos ^22x+\cos 2x+1)=\frac{1}{8}(\cos 2x+1)(1-\cos ^22x)=\frac{1}{8}(\cos 2x+1)\sin ^22x\) (1)

\(\text{VT}=\sin ^2x\cos ^4x=\frac{1}{8}.(2\sin x\cos x)^2.2\cos ^2x=\frac{1}{8}\sin ^22x.(\cos 2x+1)(2)\)

Từ $(1);(2)$ ta có đpcm.

1)pt\(\Leftrightarrow sin^8x\left(1-2sin^2x\right)=cos^8x\left(2cos^2x-1\right)+\frac{5}{4}cos2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin^8x.cos2x=cos^8x.cos2x+\frac{5}{4}cos2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}cos2x=0\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{k\pi}{2}\\sin^8x-cos^8x=\frac{5}{4}\left(\cdot\right)\end{array}\right.\)

Xét (*):VT(*)\(\le sin^8x\le1\)\(\Rightarrow\)pt(*) vô ngiệm

Vậy pt có 1 họ nghiệm là \(x=\frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{k\pi}{2},k\in Z\)

2)+)sinx=0 không là nghiệm của pt

+)sinx\(\ne0\):

pt\(\Leftrightarrow16sinx.cosx.cos2x.cos4x.cos8x=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8sin2x.cos2x.cos4x.cos8x=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4sin4x.cos4x.cos8x=1\)\(\Leftrightarrow2sin8x.cos8x=1\Leftrightarrow sin16x=1\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{\pi}{32}+\frac{k\pi}{8},k\in Z\)

KL:...

\(\Leftrightarrow sin8x-\sqrt{2}cos8x=cos6x-\sqrt{2}sin6x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}sin8x-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}cos8x=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}cos6x-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}sin6x\)

Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}=cosa\) với \(a\in\left(0;\dfrac{\pi}{2}\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{3}}=sina\)

\(\Rightarrow sin8x.cosa-cos8x.sina=cos6x.cosa-sin6x.sina\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(8x-a\right)=cos\left(6x+a\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow sin\left(8x-a\right)=sin\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-6x-a\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

\(\left(sin^4x+cos^4x+cos^2x.sin^2x\right)^2-sin^8x\)

\(=\left(sin^4x+cos^2x\left(cos^2x+sin^2x\right)\right)^2-sin^8x\)

\(=\left(sin^4x+cos^2x\right)^2-sin^8x=\left(sin^4x+cos^2x-sin^4x\right)\left(sin^4x+cos^2x+sin^4x\right)\)

\(=cos^2x\left(2sin^4x+cos^2x\right)=2sin^4x.cos^2x+cos^4x\)

Tương tự: \(\left(sin^4x+cos^4x+sin^2xcos^2x\right)^2-cos^8x\)

\(=\left(cos^4x+sin^2x\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)\right)^2-cos^8x\)

\(=\left(cos^4x+sin^2x\right)^2-cos^8x\)

\(=\left(cos^4x+sin^2x-cos^4x\right)\left(cos^4x+sin^2x+cos^4x\right)\)

\(=sin^2x\left(2cos^4x+sin^2x\right)=2sin^2x.cos^4x+sin^4x\)

\(\Rightarrow M=2sin^2x.cos^4x+2sin^2x.cos^2x+sin^2x+cos^4x\)

\(M=2sin^2x.cos^2x\left(cos^2x+sin^2x\right)+sin^4x+cos^4x\)

\(M=2sin^2x.cos^2x+sin^4x+cos^4x\)

\(M=\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)^2=1\)