Bài 11: 

Ta có: \(x=\dfrac{-101}{a+7}\) nguyên khi \(-101⋮a+7\)

Vậy: \(a+7\inƯ\left(101\right)\)

\(Ư\left(101\right)=\left\{101;1;-101;-1\right\}\)

\(a+7\in\left\{101;1;-101;-1\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow a\in\left\{94;-108;-6;-8\right\}\)

Vậy x sẽ nguyên khi \(a\in\left\{94;-108l-6;-8\right\}\)

Bài 12:

Ta có: \(t=\dfrac{3x+8}{x-5}=\dfrac{3x+15-7}{x-5}=\dfrac{3\left(x+5\right)-7}{x-5}=3+\dfrac{7}{x-5}\)

t nguyên khi \(\dfrac{7}{x+5}\) nguyên tức là \(x-5\inƯ\left(7\right)\) 

\(Ư\left(7\right)=\left\{-7;7;-1;1\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x-5\in\left\{-7;7;-1;1\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{12;-2;4;6\right\}\)

Vậy t sẽ nguyên khi \(x\in\left\{12;-2;4;6\right\}\)

a)

Gọi x là số cần tìm, ta có:

 \(x+2>0\left(x>0\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x-4< 0\)

\(\Rightarrow x< 4\)

\(x=\left\{1;2;3\right\}\)

b)

Gọi x là số cần tìm, khi đó:

\(x-2< 0\left(x< 0\right)\)

\(x+4>0\left(\forall x>-4\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x=\left(-3;-2;-1\right)\)

\(B=\dfrac{x-10}{x-5}\in Z\left(x\ne5\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x-10⋮x-5\)

\(\Rightarrow x-10-\left(x-5\right)⋮x-5\)

\(\Rightarrow x-10-x+5⋮x-5\)

\(\Rightarrow-5⋮x-5\)

\(\Rightarrow x-5\in U\left(5\right)=\left\{-1;1;-5;5\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{4;6;0;10\right\}\)

A= \(\frac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

<=> \(A=1-\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)

Để A nguyên <=> \(\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)nguyên <=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}2⋮\sqrt{x}-1;\sqrt{x}\in Z\\\sqrt{x}-1=\frac{1}{2k};\sqrt{x}\notin Z\end{cases}}\) với k thuộc Z*

+) Nếu \(2⋮\sqrt{x}-1\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-1\in\left\{-2;2;-1;1\right\}\)\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{9;0;4\right\}\)

+) \(\sqrt{x}-1=\frac{1}{2k}\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\frac{1}{2k}+1\Leftrightarrow x=\left(\frac{1}{2k}+1\right)^2\) và \(\frac{1}{2k}+1\ge0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}k>0\\k\le-1\end{cases}}\)

Vậy x = 0; x = 4; x = 9 hoặc \(x=\left(\frac{1}{2k}+1\right)^2\)với \(\orbr{\begin{cases}k>0\\k\le-1\end{cases}}\); k là số nguyên

x=(x-3)/(2a)

=>x2a=x-3

=>x2a-x=-3

=>x(2a-1)=-3

Vì -3;x là số nguyên => 2a-1 cũng là số nguyên=>x;2a-1 thuộc U(-3)={+-1;+-3}

Ta có bảng:

 Vậy........

Thiếu 1 đáp số là \(\frac{1}{2}\)

Bài 1:

a) \(x=\frac{a+1}{a+9}=\frac{a+9-8}{a+9}=\frac{a+9}{a+9}-\frac{8}{a+9}=1-\frac{8}{a+9}\)

Để \(x\in Z\)thì \(a+9\inƯ\left(8\right)=\left\{-8;-4;-2;-1;1;2;4;8\right\}\)

Vậy \(a\in\left\{-17;-13;-11;-10;-8;-7;-5;-1\right\}\)

b) \(x=\frac{a-1}{a+4}=\frac{a+4-5}{a+4}=\frac{a+4}{a+4}-\frac{5}{a+4}=1-\frac{5}{a+4}\)

Để \(x\in Z\)thì \(a+4\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\)

Vậy \(a\in\left\{-9;-5;-3;1\right\}\)

Bài 2:

a) \(t=\frac{3x-8}{x-5}=\frac{3x-15}{x-5}+\frac{7}{x-5}=\frac{3\left(x-5\right)}{x-5}+\frac{7}{x-5}=3+\frac{7}{x-5}\)

Để \(t\in Z\)thì \(x-5\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\)

Vậy \(x\in\left\{-2;4;6;12\right\}\)

b)\(q=\frac{2x+1}{x-3}=\frac{2x-6}{x-3}+\frac{7}{x-3}=\frac{2\left(x-3\right)}{x-3}+\frac{7}{\left(x-3\right)}=2+\frac{7}{x-3}\)

Để \(q\in Z\)thì \(x-3\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\)

Vậy \(x\in\left\{-4;2;4;10\right\}\)

c)\(p=\frac{3x-2}{x+3}=\frac{3x+9}{x+3}-\frac{11}{x+3}=\frac{3\left(x+3\right)}{x+3}-\frac{11}{x+3}=3-\frac{11}{x+3}\)

Để \(p\in Z\)thì \(x+3\inƯ\left(11\right)=\left\{-11;-1;1;11\right\}\)

Vậy \(x\in\left\{-14;-4;-2;8\right\}\)

Bài 3:

Gọi \(d\inƯC\left(2m+9;14m+62\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2m+9\right)⋮d\\\left(14m+62\right)⋮d\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}7\left(2m+9\right)⋮d\\\left(14m+62\right)⋮d\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(14m+63\right)⋮d\\\left(14m+62\right)⋮d\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(14m+63\right)-\left(14m+62\right)\right]⋮d\)

\(\Rightarrow1⋮d\)

\(\Rightarrow d=1\)

\(\RightarrowƯC\left(2m+9;14m+62\right)=1\)

Vậy \(x=\frac{2m+9}{14m+62}\)là p/s tối giản